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Energy and Nutritional Requirements for Horses: Comparing NRC 1989 and 2007 Guidelines

This document outlines the energy and nutritional requirements for horses based on the NRC guidelines from 1989 and 2007. It includes calculations for daily energy expenditure (DE) for maintenance and exercise, specifying energy needs for different activity levels from light work to intense work. The document also presents protein (CP) and lysine requirements, illustrating minimum, average, and elevated needs based on body weight. Detailed examples provide insights into energy calculations for a 513 kg horse under varying activity levels, presenting a comprehensive overview of equine nutrition.

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Energy and Nutritional Requirements for Horses: Comparing NRC 1989 and 2007 Guidelines

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  1. Maintenance – NRC, 2007 vs. NRC, 1989

  2. Energy Requirements – Work – NRC, 1989 • Light work • DE, Mcal = 1.25(DEm) • Moderate work • DE, Mcal = 1.50(DEm) • Intense work • DE, Mcal = 2.00(DEm)

  3. Energy Requirements for Exercise • Mcal DE/hour/100 kg wt • Slow walk = 0.17 • Fast walk = 0.25 • Slow trot = 0.6 • Med. trot/slow lope = 1.0 • Fast trot/lope = 1.3 • Cantering, galloping = 2.0 • Polo, racing = 3.9

  4. Energy Requirements for Exercise • Example: • 513 kg horse • Fast walk, 2 h daily • 100 kg rider + equipment

  5. Energy Requirements for Exercise • 513 kg BW • DEm = 33.3 kcal DE/kg BW • 33.3 kcal DE/kg BW x 513 kg BW = 17,083 kcal • or 17.1 Mcal DE for maintenance

  6. Energy Requirements for Exercise • 513 kg horse, fast walk, 2 h daily, 100 kg rider + equipment • Mcal DE/hour/100 kg wt • 0.25 Mcal/h x 2 h x 613 kg/100 kg = 3.065 Mcal/day for activity • 17.1 + 3.1 = 20.2 Mcal DE total

  7. Energy Requirements for Exercise • DEm for exercising horses may be higher • Post-exercise metabolic rate • DEm = 36.3 kcal/kg BW • Stereotypic behavior • Cribbing, weaving, stall walking

  8. CP/Lys Requirements – Maintenance • Minimum: CP (g/d) = BW kg x 1.08 • Average: CP (g/d) = BW kg x 1.26 • Elevated: CP (g/d) = BW kg x 1.44 • Minimun, Average, Elevated have same definitions as for DEm

  9. CP/Lys Requirements – Maintenance • Minimum: CP (g/d) = 500 kg x 1.08 • 500 kg x 1.08 = 540 g CP • Average: CP (g/d) = 500 kg x 1.26 • 500 kg x 1.26 = 630 g CP • Elevated: CP (g/d) = 500 kg x 1.44 • 500 kg x 1.44 = 720 g CP

  10. CP/Lys Requirements – Maintenance • Lysine (g/d) = CP (g/d) x 4.3% • CP is already adjusted for minimum, average or elevated requirements

  11. CP/Lys Requirements – Maintenance • Minimum: Lys (g/d) = 540 g CP x 0.043 = 23 g Lys • Average: Lys (g/d) = 630 g CP x 0.043 = 27 g Lys • Elevated: Lys (g/d) = 720 g CP x 0.043 = 31 g Lys

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