1 / 36

Pharmacy 732

This document provides a comprehensive overview of the Pharmacy 732 course for Winter 2003, detailing instructors, exam schedules, grading criteria, remediation policies, and classroom conduct. Students will have three main exams worth 100 points each, alongside quizzes and workshop participation. Specific guidelines for remediation and make-up exams are outlined for students scoring below a passing grade. Key course materials include "Clinical Pharmacokinetics" by Rowland and Tozer, along with WebCT resources for lecture notes and exam keys.

viveca
Télécharger la présentation

Pharmacy 732

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Pharmacy 732 Winter 2003

  2. Instructors • William Hayton Pharmaceutics • James Coyle PPAD • Cari Brackett PPAD • Kristin Lugo PPAD • Juhyun Kim Pharmaceutics

  3. Contact Information

  4. Exams • 3 Exams, 100 points each • Exam 1: Tues. Jan. 28, • Exam 2: Tues. Feb. 18, • Exam 3: Tue. March 18, 9:30 – 11:18 • Quizzes, – seven total, 15 points each, drop the lowest score - 90 points • Workshop participation - 10 points • Total:---------------------------------- 400 points

  5. Grading Total Points  4

  6. Remediation and Make-Up • Exams 1 & 2 will be offered again during the 10th week class. • Remediation • Open to all students; manditory for students scoring <67. • Scoring: 0.2 x first score + 0.8 x second score • (0.2)(65) + (0.8)(85) = 81 • Make-Up • If exam was missed for a qualified reason, full score will count; if not, remediation scoring will be used with the first score being zero.

  7. Post-Course Remediation • Course average between 60.0 and 66.9 • Eligible to take a comprehensive exam over Pharmacy 732 during workshop of the first week of Pharmacy 733. • 67.0: C- for the course • <67.0: E for the course • Course average <60 • No post-course remediation allowed and E grade stands.

  8. Workshops • Monday Afternoon, 1:30 – 3:18 • Rm. 550 • Rm. 257 • Wednesday Afternoon 1:30 – 3:18 • Rm. 550 Parks Hall • Rm. 257 Parks Hall

  9. Course Materials • Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Rowland and Tozer, third edition • Calculator • Semilog graph paper • Course Pack

  10. Classroom Conduct • Quiet is appreciated • Cell phones turned off • Pagers in quiet mode • Refrain from exiting and re-entering

  11. Academic Misconduct: Exams • No caps • No use of memory in calculators • No PDAs, laptops, etc. • No exchanging information with others • No cell phones or pagers in “on” mode • No crib notes, cheat sheets, etc.

  12. WebCT • Course Materials • Slides from class • Narrated slides from class • Reference materials; e.g., PK parameters • Exam Keys old and current • Quiz Keys old and current • Bulletin board • Email • Quiz and exam scores; i.e., grade book • Self tests • Student home page - optional

  13. WebCT Logon • (1) Open a web browser and go to: http://class.osu.edu • (2) Log on: • Enter your “username” and “password.” •   Username = lastname.123  (all lowercase, No CAPITAL LETTERS!) • Example: If your E-mail address is smith.303@osu.edu = Username is “smith.303” •  Password = same one you use to check your OSU e-mail, to register online for classes, and to enable Internet access in OIT student computer labs.

  14. Dosing Regimen Design Infusion regimen

  15. Why is a dosing regimen necessary? • To replace the drug that the body eliminates. How can drug be replaced? • Continuously or intermittently.

  16. Continuous Input • Learning Objectives • input rate to achieve a desired plasma concentration. • kinetics of accumulation; i.e., how long to steady state. • loading dose. • determination of CL, V, KE and t1/2.

  17. Examples of continuous input • i.v. drip • i.v. infusion • transdermal patch • sustained release oral dosage forms • Ocusert • Norplant

  18. Ko v CL Kinetics of continuous input A = amount of drug in body Cp = plasma concentration Ko = input rate (amt/time) KE = elimination rate constant, (CL/V) dA/dt = rate in - rate out dA/dt = Ko - KEA A = V x Cp and KEV = CL dA/dt = Ko - CL•Cp dA/dt = 0 at a plateau Cp Rate In = Rate Out Ko = CL •Cp,ss Cp,ss = Ko/CL

  19. young Ln Cp old Time Example: Diazepam Cp,t profile in young and old: DR adjustment? What’s different? Herman and Wilkinson. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 42:147,1996. #2919

  20. Principles • When infused at the same rate (one compartment model assumed): • all drugs with the same half life will have the same steady-state amount of drug in the body. • all drugs with the same clearance will have the same steady-state plasma concentration.

  21. Accumulation Kinetics

  22. Time to steady state 3.3 t1/2 is time to 90% of Cp,ss t = nt1/2 where n = no. of half lives that have passed

  23. Example This drug has a V = 45 L and a CL = 12 L/h. What infusion rate is needed to achieve a Cp,ss of 25 mg/L? Ko = CL x Cp,ss = 12 L/h x 25 mg/L = 300 mg/h How long will it take to get to 90% of steady state? t1/2 = ln 2 V/CL = (0.693)(45)/(12) = 2.6 h t90% = 3.3 t1/2 = (3.3)(2.6) = 8.6 h How much drug is in the body at steady state? Ass = Cp,ssV = 45 L x 25 mg/L = 1,125 mg

  24. Summary

  25. V Ass t90% Ko CL Css Diagram VP, VE, VR RE/I, fur, fup QH, fup, CLint,u GFR, etc.

  26. Review With a constant rate of input, Ko Rate Out Rate In = _______ CL Rate In = Css x ___ KE Rate In = Ass x ___ All drugs with same CL will have same ____ Css Ass All drugs with same t1/2 will have same ____

  27. Post-Infusion Cp Profile

  28. Post-Infusion Cp Profile

  29. CL by 25% Cp V by 25% Ko by 25% Time Changing to a new Cp,ss

  30. Bolus and Infusion A “loading dose” may be used to start at steady state immediately. Loading Dose = Ass = Ko/KE = CssV

  31. Rowland and Tozer, Figure 6-5. p. 74

  32. Time to Steady State 3.3 t1/2 is time to 90% of Cp,ss. When Cp,0 is 0, this is within ±10% of Cp,ss. When Cp,0 is  0, the time to ±10% of Cp,ss differs from the t90%. What is the appropriate endpoint for calculation of the time to steady state?

  33. Calculation of time to ±10% Cp,ss Plasma concentration at any time after bolus + infusion: Given Cp,0 and Css, the time to reach any Cp can be calculated from:

  34. Example Cp,0 = 500 mg/L and Css = 100 mg/L, how long does it take to reach 110 mg/L? (i.e., 110% of Css) (1/2)n = (100 – 110)/(100 – 500) = -10/-400 = 0.025 (n)[ln (0.5)] = ln (0.025) n = ln (0.025) / ln (0.5) = 5.32 half lives 140 mg/L What would be the Cp after 3.3 half lives?

  35. -2.3 slope = KE Log (Cp,ss - Cp) Time Assessment of PK parameters 1. CL = Ko / Cp,ss 2. Get KE from the slope of a semilog plot of (Cp,ss – Cp) vs. t. 3. V = CL / KE

More Related