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Observations and Analysis of Cirrus Clouds and Trace Gases in the UTLS

This study presents observations of cirrus clouds and trace gases in the extra-tropical UTLS using CRISTA-NF. Data on cloud index, limb-radiance profiles, and trace gas structures are analyzed for insights into climate dynamics.

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Observations and Analysis of Cirrus Clouds and Trace Gases in the UTLS

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  1. Unsere Ziele Martin Riese (1), Katja Weigel (1), Reinhold Spang (1), Peter Preusse (1), Lars Hoffmann (1), Friedhelm Olschewski (2), and Fred Stroh (1) • Institute for Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere (icg-1:Stratosphere) • Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Observations of Cirrus Clouds and Trace Gases in the Extra-Tropical UTLS by CRISTA-NF UTLS Workshop, NCAR, Boulder, October 21, 2009

  2. CRISTA-NF onboard GEOPHYSICA SCOUT-O3 in November 2005; SCOUT-AMMA in August 2006 • Limb emission profiles [20 km to ground] • Vertical sampling and FOV = 200 m • Horizontal sampling = about 12 km

  3. November 4, 2005; 420N, 160O Radiance [W/cm2 sr cm-1] Tangent height [km] H2O CO2 CFC -11 MW1 MW2 Wavenumber [cm-1] • Cloud Index = radiance MW1 / radiance MW2 • Narrow sub-visible cirrus layers frequently encountered • Occurence frequency of thin cloud layers (< 1 km) • in extra-tropics: ~20 % Limb-radiance spectra Spang et al., ASR, 2008

  4. Could observations in sub-tropics Transfer flight from Utapao to Hyderabad Spang et al., ASR, 2008 • Cloud top as well as cloud base detectable • Outflow-like layers of very low IWC (~ 0.01 ppmV)

  5. CRISTA-NF trace gas observations Italy, July 29, 2006 Radiance [W/cm2 sr cm-1] Wavenumber [cm-1] • Temperature, H2O, Ozone, HNO3, CCl4, PAN • (PhD work Katja Weigel)

  6. CRISTA-NF trace gas observations Italy, July 29, 2006 PAN [ppbv]

  7. PAN North South North • Structure of enhanced PAN values above 12 km altitude in both • flight directions (opposite viewing directions) • Horizontal extend > 500 km; oriented along LOS

  8. PAN H2O Ozon Altitude [km] Time [UTC] • Corresponding enhancement in other tropospheric • trace gases (H2O, CCl4)

  9. PAN Ozon Altitude [km] Time [UTC] • Stratospheric trace gases (O3 and HNO3) also show an enhancement • This points to a strong influence of mixing

  10. PAN - ozone correlation • Effects of mixing clearly show up in correlation plot! • (Small FOV and favorable viewing direction)

  11. Location of mixed area

  12. Location of mixed area

  13. Location of mixed area

  14. Location of mixed area Mixed area at the extra-tropical side of the STJ !

  15. ECMWF Ozone Ozone Altitude [km] Time [UTC] • Observed ozone distribution not well reproduces by ECMWF

  16. ECMWF Ozone Ozone Altitude [km] Time [UTC] CLaMS Ozone • The observed structures are well reproduced by CLaMS • This is a good basis for on-going analysis

  17. Summary and Outlook • High resolution limb emission sounding can provide unique • information on cloud and trace gas distribution in the UTLS • CRISTA-NF observed an occurence frequency of thin (< 1km) • SVC layers of about 20%. • Trace gas structures observed over Italy (July 29, 2006) • point to a strong influence of mixing. • The structures are reasonable reproduced by CLaMS • (allowing further diagnoses) • Current limb sounders (satellite or aircraft) do not provide • high-resolution 3D distribution (3rd dimension is missing).

  18. Source: FZJ-ZAT Limb-imaging and tomographie GLORIA-AB on HALO (JÜLICH and KIT) First test flight envisaged for summer 2010 !

  19. PREMIER Typhoon MIPAS PREMIER 3D limb sounding from space Sampling: 0.5 km x 25 km x 50 km (dynamics mode) 0.5 km x 4 km x 8 km (clouds)

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