1 / 21

Lateral Thinking

Lateral Thinking. Prepared by: Bhakti Joshi Date: February 27, 2013. Case Study: Trichy Police. The beginning: In 1999, a community leader had been killed and the city was tense Explosives placed in police stations and cops themselves lived in fear

vivian
Télécharger la présentation

Lateral Thinking

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Lateral Thinking Prepared by: Bhakti Joshi Date: February 27, 2013

  2. Case Study: Trichy Police • The beginning: • In 1999, a community leader had been killed and the city was tense • Explosives placed in police stations and cops themselves lived in fear • Communal tensions further rose after Coimbatore bomb blasts • Trichy is an unusual mix of communities – 1/3rd Hindus, 1/3rd Muslims and 1/3rd Christians

  3. Case Study: Trichy Police (Contd…) • The goal: • Overall peace in the city when the then PM – Atal B. Vajpayee and Home Minister – L. K Advani planned a visit to Trichy • The visit was 1 month away • New arrival and responsibility: • J. K. Tripathy, an IPS officer of 1985 batch

  4. Case Study: Trichy Police (Contd…) • Current Scene • 260 constables but requires about 5000 – 7000 cops in terms of population • No Intelligence – human or non-human • Non-human Intelligence: wire tapping, phone tapping, electronic eavesdropping, etc. • Human Intelligence: police informer-based and spontaneous community intelligence where information is shared easily • Fear, the only weapon of the police, had failed

  5. Case Study: Trichy Police (Contd…) • Experiment • Tripathy selected 50 reliable men with good record • Good record: honest, no bribes taking, no alcohol, no womanising, but polite • Asked to stay in their localities for a week and their job was to observe what was happening and listening and passing on the information related to security threats to Tripathy directly • Result • Information was accurate and necessary steps were taken leading to smooth visit for PM and HM

  6. Case Study: Trichy Police (Contd…) • Scale Increase • Success of the experiment was directed towards tackling crime and reduce communal tensions • Approach: Community Policing model • instead of fear

  7. Case Study: Trichy Police (Contd…) • Constables directly contacted Tripathy instead of Station House Officers (SHOs) who used passive-aggression methods. Tripathy contacted SHOs • 260 constables screened and interviewed personally and divided into those who could related to diverse population and those who could be in a rough (slum) environment • Created a “beat” system – 4 beat officers responsible for a locality and gave them walkie-talkies and did not have to report to police station for roll call. One of them have to be present and was upto them to decide who would be present when. Middle-level cops supervised them randomly • Tripathy flashed his mobile number to all people

  8. Case Study: Trichy Police (Contd…) • Changes • Shirking was negated with regular interactions between SHOs and constables • Regular interactions between SHO and sub-inspector. And beat officers also met assistant commissioners and deputy commissioners • Distress calls were addressed immediately with walkie-talkie before control rooms’ instructions • Beats ensured complaints reached them first instead of reaching to Tripathy and were embarrassed if complaint box had information they were not aware of • Corruption within officers was tackled with punishment • Corruption among other stakeholders’ like the municipality was also tackled with intangible actions • Regular meetings with municipality, local NGOs, telephone dept, electricity dept, etc to tackle problems

  9. Case Study: Trichy Police (Contd…) • Result • Beat officers gained respect from the community and invited them for weddings, family gatherings etc • Beat officers given more responsibilities and power to make decisions than the sub-inspectors who supervised them and intervened as per need • Total crimes reported declined from 11,289 in 1999 to 8005 in 2000 and after 7 years number of crimes are below the 1999 mark • Police performance in crime detection registered a steady increase from 78% prior to 1999 to 86% in 2000 followed by 94% in 2004

  10. Lateral Thinking: Definition Lateral thinking involves suspending logical linear thinking, instead breaking out of patterns to explore an issue in new ways from new angles – Personal effectiveness: A guide to action by Diana Winstanley

  11. Lateral Thinking: Characteristics • The effectiveness of insight solutions and the value of new ideas can be recognised after they have happened • Lateral thinking is a description of a process not of a result and is (sort of) a plea for better logical thinking • Lateral thinking is a creative way of thinking and concerned with changing patterns • It involves rearrangement of information into insight restructuring pattern

  12. Lateral Thinking: Characteristics (Contd…) • It is both an attitude and method of using information • Lateral thinking is never judgement • Lateral thinking is directly related to the information handling behaviour of the mind

  13. Lateral Thinking: Example • A major airline company in India used to work with beliefs like customers want high standards of service that include on-flight meals, allocate seating in advance, fly to major airports because business travellers wish to travel to these places. However, a low-cost airline broke all such rules and focused on reaching destinations on time, providing dry foods such as sandwiches, cookies and drinks for a minimal fee and gradually increasing destinations within the country rather than exotic destinations abroad. The low-cost airline was the only profitable airline in the country was able to add international destinations in their list without affecting the quality in service.

  14. Lateral Thinking: Techniques • Generation of alternatives • Example: • Women travelling in crowded trains during peak hours with children and bags can be a hassle for other women because children tend to take away space needed for students and working women • Identify different views of people involved • What is favourable and unfavourable by not changing the material? • What can be extracted out of this information?

  15. Lateral Thinking: Techniques • Generation of alternatives • Generate alternative ways of stating the problem • Generate alternative approaches to the problem

  16. Lateral Thinking: Techniques • Challenging Assumptions: Examples In 1927, H M Warner of Warner Brothers asked, “Who the hell wants to hear actors talk?” Ken Olson, CEO of DEC, said in 1977, “There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home” Bhakti Joshi, Faculty of PQM, said, “ Mobile phone is not a necessity” “Organised retail segment will kill kiranas and mom n pop stores in India” “Zero-defects cannot be possible in the real world”

  17. Lateral Thinking: Techniques • Challenging Assumptions • Everyone else have ingrained assumptions about every situation • Ask plenty of questions in order to discover and challenge those assumptions • Pretend you are an outsider and ask “Why do we do it this way?” • Reduce a situation to its simplest components in order to take it out of your environment

  18. Lateral Thinking: Techniques • Creativity: 3 steps • Problem definition or focus area • Idea generation (creative thinking: belief releases creative power) • Implementation

  19. Lateral Thinking: Techniques • Design process* • Example: An apple picking machine • Identify functions: reaching apples, picking right apples, transporting apples to the ground, sorting out apples, putting apples in containers, moving onto next tree • Evaluate or Criticise design *Emphasises on different ways of doing things

  20. Lateral Thinking: Techniques • Dominant Ideas & Crucial factors • Dominant idea: whole subject or only one aspect • Is an organising theme in a way of looking at a situation. It is often present but undefined and one tried to define it • Crucial factors: a tethering point. For example, in the apple picking machine example, crucial factors can be no apple must be damaged and only ripe ones must be picked • Is some element in the situation, which must be always included no matter how one looks at the situation

  21. Example: News Article India shining: Per capita income to cross Rs 60,000!, Rediff, February 7, 2012 Reflecting general rise in living standard, India's per capita income is estimated to grow above Rs 60,000 per annum or over Rs 5,000 per month, said the government data. "The per capita income at current prices during 2011-12 is estimated to be Rs 60,972 compared to Rs 53,331 during 2010-11, showing a rise of 14.3 per cent," said the Advanced Estimates of National Income released by the Central Statistical Office (CSO) on Tuesday.

More Related