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Towards an Analytical Framework for Defining Forest Degradation

Preparatory CPF Meeting on Forest Degradation 20 March 2009, Rome. Towards an Analytical Framework for Defining Forest Degradation. Markku Simula FAO Consultant. Degradation and Related Processes. Restoration. Forest (non-degraded) - primary - other. Degraded forest. Degradation process.

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Towards an Analytical Framework for Defining Forest Degradation

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  1. Preparatory CPF Meeting on Forest Degradation 20 March 2009, Rome Towards an Analytical Framework for Defining Forest Degradation Markku Simula FAO Consultant

  2. Degradation and Related Processes Restoration Forest (non-degraded)- primary- other Degraded forest Degradation process Degraded forest land (non-forest) Rehabilitation Natural expansion

  3. Simplified Illustration of Human-induced Forest Degradation ”Old growth” forest Primary forest Protection Protection Logging and management Secondary forest Restoration Management Management Production/multiple-use forest- natural- semi-natural- planted Rehabilitation- reforestation- soil conservation Natural expansion of forest Illegal logging and encroachment Natural expansion of forest ”Degraded” forest Degraded forest land (deforested)- grassland- other non- forest Planned land-use conversion (deforestation) Non-forest land Afforestation

  4. Degradation Thresholds 100 Crown cover % (example) Original status ”Undegraded forest” 80 Restoration Forest Rehabilitation ”Degraded forest” A/R ”Non-forest” 10 Time

  5. Degree of Degradation 100 Crown cover % (example) Forest threshold Degree of degradation Non-degraded (undisturbed, little disturbed) Slightly degraded forest Moderatey degraded forest Severely degraded forest Deforested (degrated forest land)

  6. Options for ”Rationalisation” of Definitions • Decomposition • Theoretical elimination • trade-offs • correlation • SFM elements (C&I framework) • Clustering • Composite indices (involves subjective weighting)

  7. Decomposition Factors of Forest Degradation (1/2) TO BE COMPLETED

  8. Decomposition Factors of Forest Degradation (2/2) TO BE COMPLETED

  9. Degradation and SFM Elements

  10. Assessment of Degradation Purpose of assessment • Extent and quality of degradation • Drivers and impacts of degradation Levels of assessment • National • Sub-national • Landscape/watershed • Forest management unit • Stand Implications for (inter alia) • Choice of inidicators • Choice of assessment methodology • Not to be considered: • Ecosystem level as • functional entity

  11. Terms Associated with Degradation • Forest • Forest • Forest type • - Primary forest (old growth) - Secondary forest - Semi-natrural forest - Planted forest • Carbon stock / flow • Biomass • Soil • Biodiversity • Habitat quality • Fragmentation • Connectivity • Species diversity • Processes • Degradation • Disturbance • Improvement • Restoration • Rehabilitation (incl. A/R) • Other • Permanence • Resilience/reversibility/ecolo- • gical integrity • Reference status • Cause: human induced/natural • Degradation status • Undegraded/undisturbed • Degraded forest • Degraded forest land (deforested land)

  12. Questions to the Participants • What are we aiming at: • Harmonization through increased convergence and comparability between existing definitions • Operationalization of various definitions for specific purposes • More operational common definition • Is the proposed analytical framework appropriate • Which related terms need to be tackled • Which ”rationalization” approaches to be applied • Decomposition • SFM elements • Other

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