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Windows Server

Windows Server. MIS 424 Professor Sandvig. Overview. Role of servers Performance Requirements Server Hardware Software Windows Server IIS. Role of Servers. File server WWU U drive CBE J drive – courses Network printing Mail server Network support

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Windows Server

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  1. Windows Server MIS 424 Professor Sandvig

  2. Overview • Role of servers • Performance Requirements • Server • Hardware • Software • Windows Server • IIS

  3. Role of Servers • File server • WWU U drive • CBE J drive – courses • Network printing • Mail server • Network support • Active Directory Domain Controller • DNS Server • Database server • Web server

  4. Performance Requirements • Reliability • Network services depends upon • Operate 24/7 • Security • Must authenticate and authorize file access • Web servers exposed to Internet • Scalability • Add capacity • Support clusters • Performance monitoring tools

  5. Server Hardware

  6. Server Hardware • Hardware runs 24/7 for years • Must be reliable • Use: • High quality components • redundancy

  7. Server Hardware • Reliability • Power • Redundant power supplies • UPS – Uninterruptible Power Supply • Redundant cooling fans • Remote Supervisor • Separate computer that monitors server • Sends message when problem is detected • Storage…

  8. Server Hardware • RAID Storage • Redundant Array of Inexpensive Drives • Combines multiple hard drives • No data lost if one fails • RAID 1 • 2 or more mirrored disks – each stores same data • RAID 5 • 3 or more striped disks with parity • RAID 6 • Recover two lost disks • Requires RAID controller • Hot swapping • Replace disk drive without powering down

  9. Server Hardware • Automated backups • Nightly or more frequently • Tape drive • Network • Amazon S3 • Copies off-site

  10. Server Hardware • Yorktown • HP ProLiant DL360 G6 • Purchased 2010 • ~ $3,200 + storage • 2003 Yorktown ~$15,000 • Quad core, 64 bit • Dimensions: 1.7” tall • 4 hot-swap bays • Storage: RAID 0, 1, 5, 10, 50 • 6 GB RAM (max 144 GB) • Redundant hot-swap cooling and power • Mirrored memory • Lights-out management • Separate processor w/ web interface • Server diagnostics & restart • No video, audio, keyboard, printer… • Windows Server 2008

  11. Sever Software • Several OS available • MS Windows – 46% revenue* • Unix – 18% • Linux - 20% • IBM System z – 12% • Our focus: Windows Server*IDC Worldwide Server Market May 2012

  12. Server Software • In 2013 Server/Tools brought in more money than Windows.

  13. Windows Server • Windows Server built concurrently with PC OS • Server 2003  Windows XP • Server 2008  Windows Vista • Server 2012  Windows 8 • Server 2016  Windows 10 • Server 2003+ ROCKS • more later… • Security • Default applications: stripped down • Minimize attack surface • Configure Server Wizard

  14. Event Logging

  15. Windows Server • Self-healing file system • Detects & fixes corrupted files on-the-fly • Hyper-V • Create virtual servers • Power Shell • Task automation via scripting language • Failover Clustering • Server clusters provide redundancy

  16. Windows Server 2016 • Pricing – complicated • Range $501 - $10,000+ • Depends upon: • Number of processors • Number of virtual machines • Client access licenses (CALs)

  17. Windows Server • Our interest: • Web server: • Internet Information Services (IIS) • Tightly integrated with Windows • Permissions • Applications • Error handling

  18. IIS • Role of IIS • Handle http requests • Application reliability • Security – check credentials • Log activity

  19. IIS – 1. Handle Requests

  20. IIS – Set up web sites • IIS Manager • GUI to manage web site configuration • Host multiple web sites on single server

  21. IIS – Set up new web site • Setup newweb site

  22. IIS – Set up web site • Each web site has many configuration options • Goals: • Reliability • Security

  23. IIS – ASP.NET applications • Web sites partitioned intoapplications • Each applicationhas many config.options • Goals: • Reliability • Security

  24. IIS – Handle Requests • Application transfers requestto appropriate handler

  25. IIS – Application pools • Applications can become “un-healthy” • Memory leaks • Errors • Abandoned data stored in Application • etc. etc. • Become slow • Consume lots of memory

  26. IIS – Application pools • Application Pools • Added in Server 2003 • Assign applications to “pools” • Each pool is Windows process • Create rules to: • close unused applications • restart unhealthy applications • release memory

  27. IIS – Application pools • Create new application pools in IIS

  28. IIS – Application pools • Assign applications to pools

  29. IIS – Application pools Very effective!

  30. IIS - Security • Every request requires authentication and authorization • Anonymous users • Permissions from IIS • Network Service account • Built-in Windows account

  31. IIS Security • Assigning identities to requests

  32. IIS Security • Windows permissions on folder

  33. IIS – Log activities • Event log • W3 Service log

  34. Summary • Windows Server • Popular • Many uses • File server, mail server, database server…. • Web Server • IIS • Provides many configuration options • Goals: • Reliability • Security

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