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Understanding Forces and Newton’s Laws: A Comprehensive Overview

Explore the concept of forces, weight, mass, and Newton's laws in this unit, covering balanced and unbalanced forces, normal force, friction, and more. Convert weights, solve force formulas, and grasp key principles in physics.

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Understanding Forces and Newton’s Laws: A Comprehensive Overview

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  1. Forces and Newton’s Laws Unit 5

  2. A Force is… • A “push” or “pull” • Measured in Newtons (N) in the metric • Measured in pounds (lbs) in the English system • A vector quantity • Represented by drawing arrows on a diagram

  3. Mass - Refresher • The amount of matter an object is made up of. • Measured in kilograms. • NOT a force.

  4. Weight The force of gravity acting on a mass. Weight always acts down! F = m x a (N) = kg x m/s2 wt = m x g Fg= wt Weight = mass (kg) x acceleration due to gravity ( m/s2 ) Weight is a force…so this is a special case of F=ma and the unit is a Newton. *FYI You must remember that if given only mass and asked to solve for Fg – you must multiply the mass x accel. ( due to gravity ) to have a Force.

  5. Let’s convert your weight in lbsto Newtons. • 1st • What is your weight in lbs? • Use the conversions • 1lb = 0.45 kg • 2nd • Multiply • m x g • 3rd • Compare the difference of • lbs to Newtons • Kinda strange #’s

  6. Rearrange the Force formula to : • Solve for a ? • Units for a = ____ • Solve for m? • Units for m = ____

  7. 2 particular types of forces are: • Balanced forces – equal and opposite • Equilibrium • No Net Force • FNET = 0 • Unbalanced forces – not equal and opposite • There is a Net Force.

  8. Types of Forces • FgWeight - force of gravity( requires m x a) • FNNormal force – surface pushing back ( requires contact between surface ) • FfFriction - resistance force (opposing F – goes in opposite direction of another F ) • Fair Air -resistance force ( also opposing F ) • FApApplied force - force you exert ( person or animal ) • FTenTension - applied through a rope or chain • FNETNet force – total vector sum of all forces

  9. Normal Force (FN) • Defined as the force of a surface pushing back on an object. • Always directed perpendicular to the surface. • This is a contact force. No contact…no normal force. • NOT always equal to weight. See diagrams below. FN Examples: FN Wa l l Table

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