1 / 10

An Introduction to Geology

An Introduction to Geology. Minerals are natural compounds formed through geologic processes. They are inorganic substances they do not contain carbon) and have a crystalline structure. The study of minerals is called mineralogy. Minerals. Crystal Structures.

wanda
Télécharger la présentation

An Introduction to Geology

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. An Introduction to Geology

  2. Minerals are natural compounds formed through geologic processes. They are inorganic substances they do not contain carbon) and have a crystalline structure. The study of minerals is called mineralogy. Minerals

  3. Crystal Structures A crystal structure is the orderly arrangement of atoms within a mineral.

  4. Rocks • Rocks are aggregates of 2 or more minerals. • Petrology is the study of rocks. • Rocks can be igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic.

  5. Igneous Rocks Granite is an igneous rock • Igneous rocks are formed when molten rock (magma) cools and solidifies, with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks.

  6. Sedimentary Rock Sedimentary rock is formed in three main ways: • by the deposition of the weathered remains of other rocks (known as clastic sedimentary rocks) • by the deposition of the results of biogenic activity • by precipitation from solution Limestone and shale are both types of sedimentary rock

  7. Metamorphic Rock • Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of a pre-existing rock type. • The pre-existing rock type is called the protolith. • Pressure and heat physically and chemically change the protolith. • Metamorphic means "change in form“. Slate is a type of metamorphic rock

  8. The Rock Cycle

  9. Erosion • Erosion is the displacement of solids (soil, mud, rock, and other particles) because of wind, water, ice, gravity, or living organisms. • Bioerosion is erosion that is the result of humans or other living organisms. • Deforestation, overgrazing, and road or trail building are human activities that can lead to erosion.

  10. Weathering • Weathering is the process of decomposition and/or disintegration of rocks, soils and their minerals through natural, chemical, and biological processes.

More Related