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Noun Phrase, Part 2. Noun Phrase Articles: a, an, the, O. Nouns. Proper Nouns. Pronouns. Countable Nouns. Uncountable Nouns. With all countable and uncountable nouns. . . . . think about determiners. Noun Phrases, Part 2. determiners a, an, the my, his, theirs, etc
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Noun Phrase, Part 2 Noun Phrase Articles: a, an, the, O
Nouns Proper Nouns Pronouns Countable Nouns Uncountable Nouns With all countable and uncountable nouns think about determiners.
Noun Phrases, Part 2 determiners a, an, the my, his, theirs, etc this, that, these, those some, any other, another such + Noun (head word) = a noun phrase
Noun phrases noun phrase mydog asister thisfriend somedictionaries Noun(head word) dog sister friend dictionaries
Longer noun phrases mysweet little dog anoldersister thisreally, old friend of mine somevery old, electronic dictionaries
What’s a noun phrase? Tell your partner now! A noun phrase is a group of words with a noun as the ‘head-word’.
The most common determiners are… articles
What are articles? a an the Ø (= Nothing at all!)
So which article should I use? Ask yourself these three questions: a. Is my noun countable or uncountable? b. Is my noun singular or plural? c. Does the listenerknow this noun?
Use a or an when… Q1:countable Q2: singular Q3: The listener DOESN’TKNOW. Ex: I bought a new CD yesterday. Are we going to a movie or a restaurant? You didn’t know this…
Use a or an when… Here’s a tip… A singular, countable noun must always, always, always have a determiner in front of it…
determiner+ singular countable noun Find the singular, countable noun and put a determiner in front of it. • She has dog. • I told joke. • Friend lives in Seattle. • There is coffee shop on corner.
determiner+ singular, countable noun Find the singular, countable noun and put a determiner in front of it. • She has adog. • I told ajoke. • Myfriend lives in Seattle. • There is acoffee shop on the corner.
Use the when the noun is … Q1:countable or uncountable Q2:singular or plural Q3: The listener KNOWS.
How do you know if the listener knows? The sun is bright today. The prime minister of Japan is speaking. There’s only one,so the listener knows which one. He is the cutest guy in the class.
How do you know if the listener knows? There’s only one that we go to, so we both know which one. I have to go to the grocery store. The doctor called. Let’s go to the park.
How do you know if the listener knows? There’s only one pen on the table, so they know which one. The pen on the table is purple. There’s only one guy I met last night, so they know which one. The guy I met last night is going to call me.
How do they know? After I tell them, they know… Theydon’t know which one. Nowthey know which one. I have a dog. The dog is called ‘Guapo.’
How do you know?After I tell you, you know… Youdon’t know which one. This is the first time… This is the second time… Nowyou know which one. There’s a new movie I want to see. The movie is supposed to be really good.
Why should we use the? The Eiffel Tower There’s only one in the world.
Why should we use the? the zoo There’s only one in the area that we go to.
Why should we use the? the beach the yellow hat the towel the umbrella There’s only one that we can see right now.
Why should we use the? the dog There is only one dog (that I told you about before).
What three questions should you ask when choosing an article? Tell your partner now!
Three questions 1. countable or uncountable? 2. singular or plural? 3. Does the listenerknow this noun?
a/an the Ø ? Countable = singular I ate a banana. THE LISTENER DOESN’T KNOW. countable = singular or plural uncountable I ate the banana. I ate the bananas. I ate the fruit. THE LISTENER KNOWS.
Use Øwhen … Q1:countableplural Q2: uncountable Q3: The speaker means in general.
Ø+ plural, countable nounØ+ uncountable noun Find the plural, countable noun or uncountable noun. Underline it then change the sentence to make it correct. • Banana is delicious. • His father and grandfather were a lawyer. • I like a fresh airs. • The pop music is my favorite.
Ø+ plural, countable nounØ+ uncountable noun Find the plural, countable noun or uncountable noun. Underline it then change the sentence to make it correct. • Bananasare delicious. • His father and grandfather were a lawyers. • I like a fresh airs. • The pop music is my favorite.
a/an the Ø countablepluraluncountable Bananas are yellow. Fruit is good for you. ‘IN GENERAL’ countable singular I ate a banana. THE LISTENER DOESN’T KNOW. countable = singular / plural uncountable I ate the banana. I ate the bananas. I ate the fruit. THE LISTENER KNOWS.
Now you try…Use a/an or Ø • _____ bird has wings. • _____ birds have wings. • _____ student is a person who studies. • _____ basketball is round. • _____ basketball is a sport. • _____ homework is important. • _____ dog is a good pet. • _____ my dog’s name is Guapo.
Answers • A bird has wings. • Birds have wings. (Ø) • A student is a person who studies. • A basketball is round. • Basketball is a sport. (Ø) • Homework is important. (Ø) • A dog is a good pet. • My dog’s name is Guapo. (Ø)
Now you try…Use a/an or the • I have _____ idea! Let’s go on _____ picnic tomorrow. • Did you have fun at _____ picnic yesterday? • _____ front wheel of my bicycle is flat. • Your blue shirt is in _____ washing machine. • We need to get _____ new phone. • Yuki, could you answer _____ phone, please? • Chieko wants to be _____ flight attendant. • Keiko was _____ flight attendant who helped me.
Now you try…Use a/an or the • I have an idea! Let’s go on a picnic tomorrow. • Did you have fun at the picnic yesterday? • The front wheel of my bicycle is flat. • Your blue shirt is in the washing machine. • We need to get a new phone. • Yuki, could you answer the phone, please? • Chieko wants to be a flight attendant. • Keiko was the flight attendant who helped me.
ARTICLES How are you doing so far? GREAT!
Okay, that was Determiners 101. Now for Determiners 201… Determiners The Sequel
AGAIN… How do you know which article to use? Have a look….
Let’s think about… countable nouns AND
When you mean ‘dogs in general’… singular,countable nouns use a or an
When you mean ‘dogs in general’… plural,countable nouns canuse ø
But wait…. A dog makes a good pet. Dogs make good pets. What’s the difference? Nothing.
singular,countable nounsuse a or an When the listener doesn’t know…
When the listener knows… singular,countable nounsuse the
When the listener knows… plural,countable nounsuse the
Now let’s think about… uncountable nouns AND
When you mean ‘fruit in general’… uncountable nounsuse ø
uncountable nounsuse the When the listener knows…
What about… quantifiers?
Quantifiers countable uncountable How many…? How much…? every all most a lot of many some every all most a lot of much some all several not many a few few (not) any no; none not much a little little (not) any no; none none
Tricky Quantifiers How many…?How much…? much / many are used with questions and negatives. Question: How many books do you have? How much money do you have? Negative: I don’t have many. I don’t have much. There aren’tmany books. There isn’tmuch water. For everything else, use a lot of or lots of. I have a lot of books. I have lots of money.
