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Mineral Class Quiz Reminder

Prepare for your mineral class quiz on Thursday! Learn about cation, anion, mineral classes (silicates, carbonates, sulfates, halites), and specific minerals like graphite, olivine, biotite, and more. Study hard and good luck!

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Mineral Class Quiz Reminder

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  1. Conversations with the EarthTom Burbinetburbine@framingham.edu

  2. Quiz on Thursday • You can bring in your hand-written mineral sheets

  3. Cation – positively charged ion • Anion – negatively charged ion • NaCl – Na+ is the cation and Cl- is the anion

  4. Mineral classes that we studied • Silicates – contain silicon and oxygen • Carbonates – contain (CO3)2− • Sulfates – contain (SO4)2− • Halites – contain F−, Cl−, Br−, or I− as an anion • Oxides - contain oxygen (O2-) that is bonded to one or more metal ions • Sulfides - contain sulfur (S2−) as the anion • Native elements

  5. Graphite • C • Used in pencils • Greasy feel • Grey streak • Electrical conductor

  6. Olivine • (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 • Green, no cleavage • Olivine and high pressure structural variants make up over 50% of the Earth's upper mantle

  7. Biotite • K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2 • Sheets • Dark color

  8. Galena • PbS • Cubes • Gray streak • Lead ore

  9. Pyrite • FeS2 • Hardness 6 to 6.5 • Gray streak • Can form cubes • Ore for sulfur

  10. Hematite • Fe2O3 • Reddish streak • Metallic or non-metallic luster

  11. Fluorite • CaF2 • Hardness of 4 • Colorless, purple, green, yellow

  12. Halite • NaCl • Salt • Cubes • Results from the drying up of lake beds or seas

  13. Muscovite • KAl2(AlSi3O10)(F,OH) • Comes in sheets • Clear

  14. Talc • Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 • In loose form, it is known as talcum powder • Most tailor's chalk is talc

  15. Amphibole • Ca2(Mg,Fe,Al)5(Al,Si)8O22(OH)2 • Prisms with cleavage at 56o and 124o • Fibrous varieties used as fireproof clothing

  16. Calcite • CaCO3 • Single calcite crystals display an optical property called double refraction

  17. Garnet • Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 • Hardness of 7 • Forms dodecahedrons • Gemstone

  18. Gypsum • CaSO4·2H2O • Hardness of 2 • Colorless, white, or gray

  19. Dolomite • CaMg(CO3)2 • Fizzes in dilute HCl if powdered

  20. Quartz • SiO2 • second most abundant mineral in the Earth's continental crust

  21. Chalcopyrite • CuFeS2 • Hardness of 3.5-4 • Dark gray streak • source of ignition in early firearms

  22. Chlorite • (Mg,Fe)3(Si,Al)4O10 • Very soft • The powder generated by scratching is green. • Feels oily when rubbed between the fingers.

  23. Sphalerite • (Zn,Fe)S • Smells like rotten eggs if scratched/powdered • Ore of zinc

  24. Plagioclase feldspar • CaAl2Si2O8 • Has striations

  25. Magnetite • Fe3O4 • most magnetic of all the naturally occurring minerals on Earth

  26. Augite (pyroxene) • (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)2O6 • Cleavages at nearly right angles

  27. Potassium feldspar (Orthoclase) • KAlSi3O8 • Usually pinkish

  28. Kaolinite • Al2Si2O5(OH)4 • soft, earthy, usually white mineral • Produced by weathering of feldspars • main component in porcelain

  29. Any Questions?

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