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Science Fundamentals: Elements of Physical Science

Explore essential concepts in physical science from scientific notation to experimental methods, unit conversions, and the scientific method. Understand key principles and instruments used in scientific research.

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Science Fundamentals: Elements of Physical Science

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Physical Science Mr. Ikner Part 1

  2. In scientific notation, how is the exponent affected when the decimal is moved to the right? • When the exponent is moved to the right, the exponent decreases.

  3. Why should you never heat something in a closed container? • Expanding gas may explode

  4. Why must 100 = 1? • A rule holds with all numbers that when you divide the same base that is raised to a power, you subtract the exponents. Since we already know that when you divide a number by itself the answer is one, 100 must equal one

  5. 101 • deka, da

  6. How do you write 0.007 in scientific notation and fractional form? • .007 • 7x 10-3 • 7/1000

  7. 10-12 • pico p

  8. A factor (number or concept) that does not change when other variables change • Constant

  9. What is the difference between a base unit and a derived unit? • A base unit is a single unit where a derived unit is a combination of base units.

  10. A representation of an idea, event, or object to help people understand it. • Model

  11. A type of experiment done to eliminate bias. Neither the subjects nor the researchers know who or what is the experimental or control group. • Double blind experiment

  12. Information that cannot be assigned a numerical value • Qualitative data

  13. How do you test a hypothesis? • Perform an experiment

  14. Reading into a graph from beyond the given data. Making a guess or an estimate • Extrapolate

  15. Name the instrument and state its purpose • Test Tube: Used to mix, measure, or heat liquids

  16. 103 • Kilo k

  17. 1012 • Tera T

  18. Why was scientific notation developed? • To write very small numbers and very large numbers with ease • To simplify scientific calculations

  19. What is this and what is its purpose? • Triple Beam Balance; Measures mass in grams

  20. Why should no experiment be considered a failure? • An experiment with unexpected results provides a chance to learn something new. Excluding possibilities is as important as the discovery.

  21. Why have we not yet fully adopted the metric system? • We were already significantly more advanced in industry when the rest of the world adopted the metric system. Because of the cost involved in switching over, we developed a 50 year plan. It has been 60 years

  22. SI unit for luminous intensity? • Candela

  23. A ratio equal to one that expresses the same quantity in 2 different ways. • Conversion factor

  24. Mass of 0.001 cubic meters of water. • Kilogram

  25. The mass of one specific platinum-iridium alloy cylinder. • Kilogram

  26. What is the equation for percent error? • |ValueA –ValueE| / ValueA X 100

  27. What are the 7 base quantities and units in the SI system?

  28. The continuing search for scientific knowledge. Studying natural phenomena simply for the purpose of increasing our knowledge. • Pure science

  29. Deci • 10-1

  30. Tera • 1012

  31. Exa • 1018

  32. The identification of the components and composition of materials • Analytical chemistry

  33. An inaccuracy in reading a measurement based upon angular difference • Parallax

  34. A hydrogen atom has a diameter of 10nm. Express this in mm • 1x10-5 mm

  35. 9,192,631,770 times the period of a radio wave emitted from a cesium-133 atom • A second

  36. Peta • 1015

  37. When is it ok to use broken or chipped glassware? • NEVER

  38. 106 • Mega M

  39. What are the basic steps in the scientific method? • Observe, question, hypothesis, experiment, collect data, draw conclusions

  40. 10-6 • Micro

  41. Why is this incorrect? 1 cm=_____m (1cm)(1m/10-2 cm) • Although centi does mean 10-2 , 1m is not equal to that.

  42. When is it necessary to wear safety goggles and an apron? • When using heat, chemicals, or glassware

  43. The group designed with a variable to test the hypothesis • Experimental group

  44. Mass/Volume; kg/m3 • Density

  45. Springs, Pendulums, Sound • Vibrations and Wave Phenomena

  46. This type of graph is used to compare or contrast data • Bar graphs

  47. Using specific observations and measurements to enable a scientist to arrive at a generalized explanation of a scientific problem which can be expressed as a hypothesis or theory • Inductive Reasoning

  48. A mathematical or numerical statement that describes a phenomena or event • Quantitative Description

  49. Falling Objects, friction, weight, spinning objects • Mechanics

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