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Begonia

Learn about the biology, distribution, and impacts of Begonia cucullata, a popular bedding plant with glossy leaves and beautiful flowers. Discover management strategies and useful resources for controlling this plant in Florida.

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Begonia

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  1. Begonia Begonia cucullata (A. DC)Begoniaceae

  2. Biology • Native to India and tropical regions • Thousands of cultivars developed • Wax begonia, one of four original species and may be the most popular begonia worldwide • Under natural conditions will reach 24 inches wide and up to 18 inches tall

  3. Background Economic Uses • Extensive use across the U.S. as a bedding or container plant • Attractive flowers • Assortment of foliage types

  4. Distribution • Found throughout much of north and central Florida, west to central panhandle regions • Also found in Georgia • Commonly found along roadways, old fields and disturbed areas – including recently harvested timber

  5. Begonia Distribution in Florida

  6. Impacts • Readily establishes and produces a high quantity of seed – this being the primary dispersal mechanism • Can also root easily, but only in wet environments

  7. Identification

  8. Plant • Glossy, succulent leaves with scalloped edges • White to pink flowers • Tiny, fine inconspicuous seeds

  9. Management Preventative Cultural Mechanical Biological Chemical

  10. Preventative • Limit planting as a bedding plant • Remove existing plants, including roots before seeds are produced • Avoid improper disposal of possibly contaminated soil (potting media) with begonia seeds

  11. Cultural • Alternative landscape plants to replace begonia • Programs to educate homeowners about the problems associated with begonia

  12. Biological • There are no known biological control agents available for begonia management in Florida or the southeastern U.S.

  13. Mechanical • Hand pull young seedlings and larger plants, prevent re-rooting of cuttings • Mowing is effective but could spread stem pieces that may root and grow new plants

  14. Chemical - Foliar • Over-the-top applications of glyphosate at 1% solution plus 0.25% surfactant • Thoroughly wet leaves with herbicide • Retreatment will likely be necessary for germinating seedlings • Limited testing with other herbicides, including pre-emergence for seeds

  15. Useful Links • Floridata Homepage: http://www.floridata.com/main_fr.cfm?state=Welcome&viewsrc=welcome.htm • University of Florida Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants: http://aquat1.ifas.ufl.edu/welcome.html • University of Florida’s Cooperative Extension Electronic Data Information Source: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/index.html

  16. Useful Links • The Plant Conservation Alliance's Alien Plant Working Group. Weeds Gone Wild: Alien Plant Invaders of Natural Areas: http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/index.htm • Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER). Plant Threats to Pacific Ecosystems: http://www.hear.org/pier/threats.htm • Invasive Plants of the Eastern United States: http://www.invasive.org

  17. Literature Cited Langeland, K.A. and K. Craddock Burks. 1998. Identification and Biology of Non-Native Plants in Florida's Natural Areas. IFAS Publication SP 257. University of Florida, Gainesville. 165 pp

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