1 / 20

Atoms and Atomic Structure

Explore the fundamental components of atoms including protons, neutrons, and electrons. Learn how these subatomic particles determine an element's atomic number and mass, and understand the classification of elements within the periodic table, including groups and periods. Gain insights into the properties of various groups such as alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, transition metals, metalloids, halogens, and noble gases. Discover how hydrogen uniquely fits within these categories as a reactive element, and the significance of atomic structure in chemistry.

waylon
Télécharger la présentation

Atoms and Atomic Structure

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Atoms and Atomic Structure Protons, Neutrons, Electrons Atomic/Bohr Models

  2. The Atom • 3 parts • 1. Protons = positive charge • 2. Neutrons = neutral charge • 3. Electrons = negative charge Nucleus = Protons + Neutrons

  3. Elements • A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances Water Gold • Hydrogen • Oxygen • Gold

  4. Protons, Neutrons, Electrons • All atoms we draw will have equal protons and electrons Atomic Number 1 Atomic Symbol H 1.0 Atomic Mass

  5. Protons, Neutrons, Electrons • # of protons = look at the atomic number • # of electrons = look at the atomic number • # of neutrons = subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass Atomic Number 1 Atomic Symbol H 1.0 Atomic Mass

  6. Practice P = P = 2 21 N = N = He Sc E = E = 4.0 45.0 P = P = 11 19 N = N = H K E = E = 23.0 39.0

  7. Periodic Table Parts • Periods: move from left to right across the periodic table (7 periods) • Groups: move from top to bottom down the periodic table (18 groups)

  8. The Periodic Table

  9. Group 1 Metals • Alkali Metals Lithium Very Reactive Sodium 1Electron in outer level Potassium Rubidium Cesium Francium

  10. Group 2 • Alkaline-Earth Metals Metals Beryllium Reactive, but not as reactive as Alkali Metals Magnesium Calcium Strontium 2Electrons in outer level Barium Radium

  11. Groups 3-12 1or 2Electrons in outer level • Transition Metals

  12. Lanthanides and Actinides Lanthanides Actinides

  13. Groups 13-16 w/ Metalloids • Boron Group 13 Reactive Solid at Room Temperature 3Electrons in outer level

  14. Groups 13-16 w/ Metalloids • Carbon Group 14 Reactivity varies among the elements Solid at room temperature 4Electrons in outer level

  15. Groups 13-16 w/ Metalloids • Nitrogen Group 15 Reactivity varies among elements All but nitrogen are solid at room temp 5Electrons in outer level

  16. Group 13-16 w/ Metalloids • Oxygen Group 16 Reactive All but oxygen are solid at room temp 6Electrons in outer level

  17. Group 17 • Halogens Very Reactive React violently with alkali metals to form salts 7 Electrons in outer level

  18. Group 18 • Noble Gases Unreactive Colorless, odorless gases at room temp 8Electrons in outer level (2 for Helium)

  19. What About Hydrogen? • Hydrogen stands alone Reactive Colorless, odorless gas at room temp Explosive reaction with oxygen

  20. Groups are arranged due to all members top to bottom having similar Physical and Chemical properties.

More Related