Consequences of Disease: Impairment, Disability, and Handicap

1. Disability, Impairment and Handicap

2. Consequences of Disease The response to illness Concept of disease: pathological phenomenon unrelated to the ill individual. Different levels of experience

3. Consequences of Disease Principle events in the development of illness: • Something abnormal occurs within the individual ( at birth or acquired later ) Aetiology  pathology  manifestation ( symptoms & signs) • Someone becomes aware of such occurrence Pathological state is exteriorized

4. Consequences of Disease Awareness of disease manifestation is usually by the individual. Pathological state is then called ( clinical disease) • Performance or behavior of individual may be altered as a result of awareness Change in performance or behavior of the individual Common activities may become restricted (objectification).

5. Consequences of Awareness Awareness + altered behavior & performance  place the individual at a disadvantage relative to others. Socializing of the experience  handicap

6. Integration of Concepts Disease or disorder  impairment Distinction illustrates different levels of analysis • Impairment  Biological • Disability  Functional • Handicap  Social

7. Integration of Concepts Impairment: loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function. • Functional limitation • Deviations from some norms in the individual biomedical status

8. Integration of Concepts Disability: is any restriction or lack ( resulting from an impairment ) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. Deviation: is any restriction in any terms of performance of the person , not the organ or mechanism

9.  Good Luck To U All 