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Engineering Bacteria to Combat Tartar and Gum Disease Inflammation

This project proposes a solution to prevent the expansion of tartar-causing bacteria below the gum line. By engineering bacteria to secrete an anti-inflammatory agent (TIMP1), we aim to reduce inflammation associated with periodontitis. The approach involves using quorum sensing and pH targeting to deliver TIMP1 effectively. Testing will confirm the functionality of the system and its components. The ultimate goal is to provide a cost-effective supplement for oral hygiene, reducing the burden of dental care worldwide.

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Engineering Bacteria to Combat Tartar and Gum Disease Inflammation

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  1. 20.020 Technical Specification ReviewTackling Tartar Divya Arcot, Megan Bumgarner Spring 2011

  2. Agenda • Background • Proposal • Devices • Parts • Testing/Debugging • Timing Diagram • Impact • Issues • Go/No Go

  3. Background • Periodontitis – Set of Gum Diseases • Caused by bacteria secreting toxins near the gum line  Prompt an aggressive immune response • Leads to gum swelling, bleeding, and tooth decay • Bacteria move into pockets created between teeth and gum • Attachments between gum and teeth destroyed by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) • Toxins secreted by the bacteria continue this destructive cyclic process • MMPs drive tissue destruction • Further harms the gum, triggering great inflammation

  4. Proposal Our Goal: To engineer bacteria to secrete anti-inflammatory agent (TIMP1) to reduce inflammation to prevent tartar- causing bacteria from expanding below the gum line Theory Behind the Design: • Bacteria can be targeted through pH and quorum sensing • Bacteria secrete toxins which are more acidic that the average pH of the mouth • Assuming that it is easier for bacteria to bind to a certain location, our bacteria should also bind in high concentrations to the same locations • TIMP1 inhibits production of MMPs

  5. Devices Cellular Export Sequence Quorum Sensor AND Gate TIMP1 (promoter) (MMP Inhibitor) pH Sensor

  6. Parts BBa_K182200 Cellular Export Sequence BBa_J34000. Quorum Sensor AND Gate TIMP1 (promoter) (MMP Inhibitor) pH Sensor Need to Know!

  7. Testing/Debugging TEST 1 – Quorum Sensor Cellular Export Sequence Quorum Sensor GFP AND Gate TIMP1 (promoter) (MMP Inhibitor) pH Sensor

  8. Testing/Debugging TEST 2 – pH Sensor Quorum Sensor Cellular Export Sequence AND Gate TIMP1 pH Sensor (promoter) (MMP Inhibitor) RFP

  9. Testing/Debugging TEST 3 – TIMP1 Expression Sensor Quorum Sensor Cellular Export Sequence AND Gate YFP TIMP1 pH Sensor (promoter) (MMP Inhibitor)

  10. Timing Diagram AND Gate Quorum Sensor Devices pH Sensor Timing

  11. Impact • Will serve as a vital product in preventing further tooth decay and gum diseases (oral cancer, gingivitis, etc.) • Over all improvement in oral hygiene • Supplement to brushing, flossing, using mouthwash, etc. • Reduce dental costs • Many do not have insurance which covers dental care • Inexpensive enough to be marketed to impoverished countries

  12. Issues • Will the system work in its desired location? • Will inhibition of MMPs be enough to fix an inflammation problem? • How big of a problem is this relative to other factors influencing inflammation • At what range should the pH sensor be set? • The average pH varies in mouths of different people • Will all components be compatible?

  13. Go/No Go GO (please)

  14. References • http://www.surgeryencyclopedia.com/Fi-La/Gingivectomy.html • http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12645936 • http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6W8H-4B0BWN15&_user=501045&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F2003&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=gateway&_origin=gateway&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000022659&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=501045&md5=66c4fd58b0b46b178c38c795660d0c7b&searchtype=a • http://rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/protease.htm#other • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_metalloproteinase • http://www.colgateprofessional.com/LeadershipUS/ProfessionalEducation/WhitePapers/Resources/pdf/profed_WP_oral-inflam-and-patient-mgmt.pdf • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_periodontitis • http://www.google.com/patents?hl=en&lr=&vid=USPAT5725373&id=QaIkAAAAEBAJ&oi=fnd&dq=sensing+gum+inflammation&printsec=abstract#v=onepage&q=sensing%20gum%20inflammation&f=false

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