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Islam

الإسلام. Islam. Lauren Shaw Madeleine Toups APHG Period 4. Founding. Islam  “submission” & “peace” Similar to Christianity and Judaism Muhammad ibn Abdallah - Born 570 AD in Mecca and died June 8, 632 in Medina - First vision from the Angel Gabriel about Allah in 610 AD

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Islam

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  1. الإسلام Islam Lauren Shaw Madeleine Toups APHG Period 4

  2. Founding • Islam  “submission” & “peace” • Similar to Christianity and Judaism • Muhammad ibn Abdallah - Born 570 AD in Mecca and died June 8, 632 in Medina - First vision from the Angel Gabriel about Allah in 610 AD - Most recent and greatest prophet of God - Founded Islam in 622 AD

  3. Geography • Seventh Century at a state of war - Polytheism vs. Monotheism • Simplicity of Islam’s doctrine • Ordinary people turned away from Judaism and Christianity because of persecution

  4. Holy Books Qur’an/Quran/Koran • “Recitation” • Foundation of Islamic Law • Exact words of God Sunnah • “Road” • Revelation of Muhammad • Explains and clarifies the Qur’an

  5. Doctrine: Five Pillars of Faith Salat Ritual Prayer Zakat Charity to the Poor Sawm Fasting during Ramadan Five Pillars Of Faith Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca Shahadah Pledging the Faith

  6. Doctrine: Six Articles of Faith One God Angels of God Supremacy of God’s Will Six Articles Of Faith Day of Judgment Books of God (Qur'an) Prophets of God (Muhammad)

  7. Experiential • Male Circumcision - Not necessary but common • Peace Be Upon Them (pbut) - Said after any of the great prophets (Muhammad, Jesus, Abraham, Moses, etc)

  8. Other Experientials: Women Dress • "O Prophet! Tell thy wives and daughters, and the believing women, that they should cast their outer garments over their persons...that they should be known and not molested." [Chapter 33, verse 59 Quran] • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6hSD8lbHHTc&feature=relmfu Burga Hijab nijab

  9. Rituals: Pork • “Lack of morality and shame, greed for wealth, laziness, indulgence, dirtiness and gluttony” • "He has only forbidden you dead meat, and blood, and the flesh of swine, and any (food) over which the name of other than Allah has been invoked. But if one is forced by necessity, without willful disobedience, nor transgressing due limits, then Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." verses 2:173, 5:3, 6:145, and 16:115 of the Qur'an.

  10. Other Rituals • Alcohol, gambling, drawing living creatures and smoking is haram (prohibited) • A Muslim man is not permitted to marry a non-Muslim woman unless she becomes Muslim; but he can marry a Christian or a Jewish woman • A Muslim woman is not permitted to marry a non-Muslim man, even a Christian or a Jew, unless he becomes a Muslim • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igDRyJgES2E&fb_source=message

  11. Ethics: Sharia • Sharia “Path” (aka Islamic Law) • Influences legal law • “Marriage and divorce are the most significant aspects of Sharia, but criminal law is the most controversial” • Five Hadd crimes – defined by Qur'an • Punishable by stoning, exile, and execution

  12. Place of Worship • Islamic Mosques • Usually contain - Minbar: sermons are given from - Mihrab: direction of Mecca - Musalla: Prayer Hall - Prayer Rugs: cleanliness - Shoe Shelves: no shoes allowed

  13. Holy Day • Muslim’s Sabbath is on Friday, “The Day of Assembly • Celebrate Jumu’ah (Friday Prayer) - Takes place of daily noon prayer - Takes place at a mosque - Imam’s (religious leaders) give a Khutbah (sermon) - Pray as one Ummah (community)

  14. Holy Places • Mecca, Saudi Arabia - Holiest City in Islam - The Grand Mosque & Ka’ab/Kaaba • Medina, Saudi Arabia - City of the Prophet - The Prophet’s Mosque • Jerusalem, Israel - Qubbat as-Sakhrah (Dome of the Rock) - Al-Aqsa Mosque (Fartherst Mosque)

  15. Grand Mosque, Mecca Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem Prophet’s Mosque, Medina Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem Kaaba, Mecca

  16. Holiday: Ramadan • 9th month of the Islamic calendar • Month-long fast during daylight • Goal - purify the soul - focus on Allah - self-sacrifice • Laylat al-Oadr (Night of Power) - Towards the end of Ramadan - Celebrates when the first verses of the Qur'an were revealed to Muhammad. • Eid al-Fitr (The Festival of Fast-Breaking) - Celebration at the end of Ramadan

  17. Holiday: Hajj • 12th month of the Islamic Calendar • Part of the Five Pillars of Faith • Pilgrimage to Mecca • Day of Arafat - One day of the Hajj, pilgrims gather at the Plain of Arafat to seek God's mercy - Globally, Muslims fast for the day • Eid al-Adha - The Festival of Sacrifice - End of Hajj

  18. Sects Sunni • Majority of Muslims • Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Yemen, Pakistan • Respect Imams but do not give them a divinity • State is in charge, not Imam Shiite • 10-15% of World • Iran, Iraq, Bahrain, Azerbaijan • Believe Imams are descendents of the Prophet • Imam is in charge, not state (ex: Iran)

  19. Sects: Succession Differences Sunni • After Muhammad’s death, Abu Bakr became Islam’s leader • Was not a blood relation to the Prophet • Caliph should be chosen based on piousness, not blood Shiite • Wanted Ali, 4th caliph, to become the leader • Was the closest blood relation to the Prophet • Caliph should be chosen based solely on blood

  20. Sects: Geography • Pale Green  Sunni • Dark Green Shiite • 1.57 Billion followers • 23% of the World (CNN/Pew Forum 2009)

  21. Symbols • The Star and Crescent - Not originally Muslim - Icon adopted during the spread of Islam - Controversial in the Muslim world • Allah in Arabic

  22. Works Cited • http://www.majorreligions.com/muhammad.php • http://www.religioustolerance.org/isl_intr.htm • http://www.patheos.com/Library/Islam/Ritual-Worship-Devotion-Symbolism/Sacred-Time.html • http://islam.about.com/od/holidays/f/holidays.htm • http://www.themodernreligion.com/misc/hh/pork.html • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_food_Muslim's_can_or_cannot_not_eat • http://www.islamproject.org/education/Africa_Mideast_etc.html • http://www.proprofs.com/flashcards/story.php?title=prophet-muhammad • http://islam.about.com/od/history/a/crescent_moon.htm • http://www.islamicity.com/mosque/uiatm/un_islam.htm • http://library.thinkquest.org/28505/islam/fivep.htm • http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/beliefs.htm • http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/places/medina.htm • http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/places/jerusalem.htm • http://www.sacredsites.com/middle_east/saudi_arabia/mecca.html • http://photos-universe.blogspot.com/p/khana-kaba-wallpapers.html • http://www.athirady.info/?attachment_id=109330&sess=9d0856f5a0acc18b649702d735bc6b02 • http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/domeofrock.html • http://bazamesuffa.6te.net/gallery.html • http://islam.about.com/od/mosques/tp/architecture_parts.htm • http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/islam/religion/index.htm • http://www.truthnet.org/islam/whatisislam.html • http://www.islam101.com/women/hijabfaq.html • http://www.religionnews.com/index.php?/rnsblog/whats_the_difference_between_hijab_burqa_etc/ • http://www.cctv.com/program/worldwidewatch/20090717/109130.shtml • http://translate.google.com/?hl=en#auto|ar|Islam • http://middleeast.about.com/od/religionsectarianism/a/me070907sunnis.htm • http://www.oilempire.us/new-map.html • http://articles.cnn.com/2009-10-07/world/muslim.world.population_1_god-but-god-middle-east-distant?_s=PM:WORLD • http://www.cfr.org/religion/islam-governing-under-sharia/p8034 • http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/655/ • http://www.darolhadith.net/modules.php?name=my_Books&action=-1&bid=14&re=0 • http://wisdomproliferation.blogspot.com/2010/06/quran-practical-book.html • http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/1322/what-is-sharia

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