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Windows 7

Windows 7. Meet Windows 7. Quick Launch bar is gone; replaced with pinned icons to launch programs Running programs get box around them Aero Peek: Multiple instances show in previews; cursor over one to activate Installs DirectX 11 but you only need 9 for Aero

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Windows 7

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  1. Windows 7

  2. Meet Windows 7 • Quick Launch bar is gone; replaced with pinned icons to launch programs • Running programs get box around them • Aero Peek: Multiple instances show in previews; cursor over one to activate • Installs DirectX 11 but you only need 9 for Aero • Shake: minimizes all other windows; shake again to return windows • Snap: Move window to right or left edge, fills half of screen. • Themes: Start | Control Panel | Appearance and Personalization | Personalization

  3. More Meet 7 • Explorer: • “Bread crumb” address bar from Vista • Ribbon toolbar is context sensitive • Show hidden files under Organize | Folder and Search Options |View

  4. Libraries • Back up a bit: • People tend to use the same things over and over • All the stuff for a project is rarely stored in same place • Shortcuts: • File with .LNK extension • Can point to any file/folder • Favorites: • Stored in Registry • Can only point to folder

  5. More Libraries • Libraries aggregate folders from multiple locations and place them in a single, easy to find spot. • Default libraries: Documents, Music, Pictures and Videos; include both the My whatever and Public whatever folders • Can include other folders or make new library(s).

  6. Sidebar • Gone from 7. • Replaced with Gadgets:

  7. New File System • FAT32 limited to 4 GB file size; 2 TB disk size • exFAT, or FAT64, allows up to 512 TB drive • Still no: • Permissions • Compression • Excryption • Vista with SP1 or XP with KB 955704

  8. Editions • Starter • Home Premium • Professional • Enterprise • Ultimate

  9. UEFI • Unified Extensible Firmware Interface • Acts as a super BIOS doing the same job in 64-bit land. • Only support is in 64-bit editions • Supports drives >2.2TB

  10. GPT • GUID Partition Table • Goes along with UEFI • MBR: Master Boot Record and Partition table • No more than 4 Primary Partititons • Runs in 16-bit mode • Single partition must be less than 2.2 TB • Sets up a Protective MBR – really GPT code

  11. GPT • GPT loves logical block addressing • GPT makes a backup of itself at end of drive • No limit to number of partitions, Microsoft allows 128 • Every partition has a globally unique identifier (GUID) – 128 bit identifier • Supports drives with up to 2^64 sectors • Intel-based MACs have UEFI and use GPT drives

  12. Boot Sequence - old • BIOS inspects the set boot order and goes to the first drive • The MBR runs, inspecting the partition table for an active partition • The system is directed to the boot sector of the active partition, reads the code in that sector, which directs it to the operating system boot file (NTLDR) • NTLDR looks for BOOT.INI which tells NTLDR where to find a copy of Windows • After BOOT.INI, NTLDR loads NTDETECT.COM to verify that the copy of Windows has the critical pieces to start • NTLDR runs NTOSKRNL.EXE and HAL.DLL. Moves Windows from 16-bit mode into 32- or 64-bit mode. • More files load and eventually you get to desktop

  13. New Boot Sequence • BIOS inspects the set boot order and goes to the first drive in the list • The MBR runs, looking for active partition • The system is directed to the boot sector of the active partition, reads the code which directs it to the operating system boot file (BOOTMGR) – on its own partition • BOOTMGR loads WINLOAD.EXE which loads NTOSKRNL and HAL.DLL

  14. System Reserved Partition • All installations try to create roughly a 100 MB partition at the beginning of the boootable drive. • Called System Reserved Partition by Disk Management • Called EFI System Partition on UEFI systems • Not assigned a drive letter; is always a Primary; always active

  15. More SRP • All editions will try to make this partition • Should never be uninstalled • Not just for UEFI/GPT • Does not require a dynamic disk • Supports any file system

  16. Windows PE • Windows Preinstallation Environment • Can boot directly to CD or DVD (Live CD) – does not touch the hard disk drive • Special tools – Windows Recovery Environment • RE is repair tools that run within PE

  17. Windows RE • Three ways to get there: • Boot from DVD install media • Use Repair Your Computer from Advanced Boot Options menu (F8) • Create a system repair disk; Control Panel | Backup and Restore | Create System Restore Disk

  18. Using RE • Startup Repair • System Restore • System Image Recovery or Windows Complete PC Restore (rebuilding from a backup) • Windows Memory Diagnostic • Command Prompt

  19. Startup Repair • Repairs a corrupted registry by accessing the backup copy on your hard drive • Restores critical system and driver files • Runs FIXBOOT and FIXMBR • Rolls back any nonworking drivers • Uninstalls any incompatible service packs and patches • Runs CHKDSK • Runs a memory test

  20. Backup • Will backup to any media except tape • Will not backup data stored on non-NTFS disks • Will backup • Each user’s personal data • System image: • Entire Windows operating system • Every installed program • All device drivers • Registry • Image files use the .WIM extension • Restore wants to wipe out existing partitions and then do the restore

  21. Command Prompt • BOOTREC.EXE • Repairs the master boot record • Boot sector • BCD Store (boot configuration data) • BOOTREC /scanos – looks for windows installations not currently in the bcd store • BOOTREC /rebuildmbr – Looks for windows installations and gives you the choice to add them to the bcd store

  22. Two More • RSTRUI – System Restore tool • MSTSC – Remote Desktop Connection • C:\windows\system32\mstsc • Both can be run from command prompt (elevated)

  23. User Account Control • The bad boy of Vista • The idea of using an Administrator account for daily use needed to go away • Any level of account should be able to do anything as easily as possible • If regular account wants to do something that requires Administrator privileges, the user will need to enter the Administrator password • If user with Administrator privileges wants to run something that requires AP, user will not have to re-enter password but will get an “Are you sure?”

  24. UAC in 7 • Four levels now (Vista was on/off) • Always notify • Do Not notify me when I make changes • Notify me only when programs try to make changes • Turn off notification • Default level is Do not notify me…

  25. IPv6 • Windows 7 is much stronger on v6 • Eight hextets of four hex characters • Can replace one, or more, sets of zeros with :: • Uses 128 bits • Loopback address - ::1

  26. File Sharing • We cheated just a bit in 2000 by creating a Student account for access to shared file(s) but left the default Everyone group with all permissions • XP made things easier with Simple File Sharing but at the expense of NTFS permissions • Enter Public folders C:\Users\Public

  27. Windows Rally • Universal Plug and Play – automates the installation and configuration of network devices • Link Layer Topology Discovery – uses MAC addresses to find other devices on the network • Quality Windows Audio/Visual Experience (qWave) – determines the Quality of Service for streaming media

  28. Windows Firewall • Vista had only one exceptions setting for an application/task • 7 has lots of settings for in- and out-bound data and for different types of networks (Domain, Home, Work, Public)

  29. HomeGroup • Connects a group of computers with a single password • Runs under IPv6 only • All homegroup data is encrypted between systems • Homegroups share libraries, not folders by default • Printer sharing shows up here, too • All user accounts become members of the homegroup • Designed for smaller, nondomain home networks

  30. Action Center • One stop place to check lots of things about your system • Direct links to: • UAC settings • Performance Information and Tools • Backup and Restore • Windows Update • Troubleshooting Wizard • System Restore • Only reproduces information from other sources

  31. BitLocker Drive Encryption • Need Trusted Platform Module (TPM) and at least two partitions • Can also use USB drive – but if you lose the drive, you will probably lose your data • Only Ultimate and Enterprise include BitLocker • Will not encrypt dynamic drives • Only encrypts secondary drives if OS is already encrypted • BitLocker encrypts entire volumes; Encrypting File System will encrypt a single file • BitLocker to Go will encrypt removable drives and does not require TPM chip

  32. Event Viewer • System and Security | Administrative Tools | Event Viewer • Four main bars: • Overview • Summary of Administrative Events • Recently Viewed Nodes • Log Summary • Still includes classic logs: Application, Security and System

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