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EARLY AMERICAN EMPIRES. UNIT 5 Chapter 9 – The Americas: A Separate World Chapter 16 – People & Empires in the Americas. CORE OBJECTIVE : Describe the impact and influence of early American civilizations upon the rest of the world.
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EARLY AMERICAN EMPIRES UNIT 5Chapter 9 – The Americas: A Separate WorldChapter 16 – People & Empires in the Americas
CORE OBJECTIVE: Describe the impact and influence of early American civilizations upon the rest of the world. • Objective 5.1: Explain the origins and impact of the first inhabitants and their use of agriculture in the Americas • Objective 5.2: Identify the achievements of the Olmec and Zapotec societies. • Objective 5.3: Describe the impact of the early Andes civilizations. • THEME: OBJECTIVES
The Americas: A Separate World, 40,000 B.C.–A.D. 700 The Earliest Americans SECTION 1 SECTION 2 Early Mesoamerican Civilizations Early Civilizations of the Andes SECTION 3
CHAPTER 9SECTION 1 The earliest americans The cultures of the first Americans, including social organization, develop in ways similar to other early cultures.
The American Continents • American continents of North and South America stretch 9,000 miles • The first Americans come from Asia over Beringia— a land bridge • Peopling the Americas • During Ice Ages, glaciers extend over much of North America • Sea levels drop; a land corridor is created between Asia and Alaska • First Americans arrive in last Ice Age, 1.9 million to 10,000 B.C. • Siberian hunters follow animals from Asia to Americas A land bridge WRITE THIS DOWN!
migration • Date of first crossing might be 40,000 to 10,000 B.C. • Clovis, NM: Spearheads dating to 9500 B.C. • Monte Verde, Chile: tools & animal hide 10,500 B.C. • Mexico City: Skull dating to 11,000 B.C.
Chief Prey • The mammoth is the largest prey of early Americans • The mammoth provides materials for food, clothing, shelter, tools • Following the Game • Hunters turn to smaller animals when mammoths die out • People also fish and gather plants and fruits • At end of last Ice Age, glaciers melt and seas cover the land bridge • By 10,000–12,000 years ago people had spread across the Americas HUNTERS AND GATHERERS WRITE THIS DOWN!
The Development of Farming • Around 7000 B.C. people in Mexico begin to raise crops from seeds • By 3400 B.C. maize — corn; becomes the staple crop there • People in the Tehuacan Valley develop advanced farming methods • Agriculture spreads throughout Americas Farming Brings Great Change • Agriculture increases food supply, leads to population growth • Larger communities develop, specialized skills in arts, trades AGRICULTURE CREATES A NEW WAY OF LIFE WRITE THIS DOWN!
