CHAPTER 20

1. CHAPTER 20 Nationalist Movements Around the World Section 4:Imperialism in Japan Objectives: >Explain the Japanese pursuit of expansion that began in the late 1800s. >Describe the changes in Japanese life during rapid modernization. >Identify the effects of the military on Japan during the 1920s and the 1930s.

2. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Bell Ringer 20.4: What were some of the methods and reasons for Japanese expansion? Japanese Expansion How Why alliance with Great Britain war with Russia Treaty of Portsmouth

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4. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Dancing the foxtrot. Listening to jazz. Playing baseball. This was Japan in the 1920s ….

5. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Two reasons for expansion The Meiji Restoration had changed Japan into a modern industrialand military power. • New territory would provide raw materials for its factories and markets for its products. • It would show the West just how much Japan had progressed. Now Japan would expand beyond its islands ….

6. Korea and Manchuria SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Japan wanted Korea … The Japanese also wantedManchuria but Russia stood inthe way …

7. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan 1902 ~ Anglo-Japanese Alliance …what would bring GB intoan alliance with Japan? The threat of Russian expansion. Japan is now playing with theBIG DOGS! Russia is pressured to withdraw ….And refuses to answer Japan’s demands.

8. Political Cartoon Imperialism in Japan Japan to the Great Bear, Chicago Tribune, January 6, 1904

9. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Russo-Japanese War 1904 • Feb 1904 – Japan attacks Port Arthur & badly damages the Russian fleet • Japan overruns Korea and pushes Russia back through Manchuria • Battle of Muken – heavy losses for both sides; Russia withdraws

10. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Battle of Tsushima • All the Russian battleships had been destroyed, 4 of the 8 cruisers, and 7 of the 9 destroyers were sunk, 4,830 Officers and Sailors died, many others wounded or captured. The Japanese lost 3 destroyers and some 699 men. • All but 3 of the Russian ships that had sailed into Tsushuma Straits were sunk, captured or interned. The 3 limped into Vladisvostok.

11. Visual Source Imperialism in Japan President Teddy Rooseveltwas asked to broker thepeace between Russia and Japan. The Portsmouth Treatyended the Russo-JapaneseWar – 5 Sept 1905.

12. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan The treaty eliminated Japan’s competition in Manchuria.It forced the other powers to respect Japan’s strength.When Japan annexed Korea in 1910, none of the other Imperialist powers protested.

13. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Problems of Modernization In less than fifty years, Japan went from a feudal agricultural society to one of the world’s leading industrial and military powers. This leap created problems for the island nation.

14. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Increasing Population • People were living longer. • cities grew rapidly and land was scarce • food production could not match growth • US prohibited immigration

15. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Economic Trouble • Did not have many raw materials needed for industries • Had to import materials • Had to sell goods abroad – but many countries had passed tariffs to protect their own economies • The Japanese economy had to expand or collapse!

16. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Social Tensions ~ Westernization • All this great development had changed traditional Japanese attitudes. • Industrial workers organized and called for strikes for better conditions & pay. • Tenant farms demanded lower rents. • Intellectuals argued for democratic reforms. • Young Japanese began to question traditional values ~ new ideas ~ work roles changed ~ women took jobs!

17. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Growing Influence of the Military • Political leaders could not cope. • Military began to increase its influence. • Japanese military were virtually independent of the civilian government. • Militarism grew in Japan and this began to influence social, economic & political policies.

18. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan The Japanese military believed thatWestern nations could never treatJapan as an equal. The military insisted on a returnto traditional Japanese values. They called for a larger army andnavy to support a Japanese“Monroe Doctrine” = Asia for Asians with JAPAN as the controllingpower.

19. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Keep It Up Russia, Brooklyn Eagle, February 2, 1904

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23. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan A Hard Feat with Those Clothes On, Chicago Tribune, February 6, 1904

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