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Mastering Annotations in Java: A Definitive Guide

Learn how to utilize annotations in Java for code optimization, error detection, and efficient unit testing. Explore common annotation types and creating custom annotations for advanced programming.

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Mastering Annotations in Java: A Definitive Guide

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  1. CSE 331 Annotations slides created by Marty Steppbased on materials by M. Ernst, S. Reges, D. Notkin, R. Mercer, Wikipedia http://www.cs.washington.edu/331/

  2. Annotations • annotation: Markup that provides information to the compiler. • Can also be used for deployment-time or run-time processing. • Common uses for annotations: • To detect problems or errors in code • To suppress compiler warnings • For unit tests, e.g. JUnit

  3. Annotation usage @AnnotationName @AnnotationName(param=value, ..., param=value) • Examples: @SuppressWarnings @Test(timeout=2000) • An annotation can be placed on: • a class • a method • a field • a local variable, ...

  4. Common annotations • The following annotation types come with the JDK:

  5. Creating an annotation type public @interface Name {} Example: public @interface GradingScript {} ... @GradingScript public class TestElection {...}

  6. An annotation with params public @interface Name { typename(); // parameters typename() default value; // optional } Example: public @interface ClassPreamble { String author(); String date(); int currentRevision() default 1; String lastModified() default "N/A"; String[] reviewers(); } • Most programmers don't commonly need to create annotations.

  7. Using custom annotation @ClassPreamble( author = "John Doe", date = "3/17/2002", currentRevision = 6, lastModified = "4/12/2004", reviewers = {"Alice", "Bob", "Cindy"} ) public class FamilyTree { ... }

  8. Prof. Ernst's annotations • UW's own Prof. Michael Ernst and his research team have contributed a set of custom annotations that can be used to provide sophisticated type checking and nullness checking for Java:

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