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Grand Challenges and the Next Killer Apps in Future Computing

Explore the grand challenges and game-changing technologies of future computing, including quantum computing, self-configuring robotics, nanotechnology, and the search for the next killer app.

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Grand Challenges and the Next Killer Apps in Future Computing

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  1. CMSC 100 The Future of Computing: Grand Challenges and the Next Killer Apps Professor Marie desJardins Thursday, November 29, 2012 1 Future of Computing Thu 11/29/12

  2. The Future of Computing  What are the “grand challenges” of computing---our next generation of big problems to solve?  What are some technologies on the horizon that may be “game- changing”? Quantum computing Self-configuring robotics and “smart matter” Nanotechnology     What is the next “killer app”? Future of Computing 2 Thu 11/29/12

  3. Grand Challenges: CRA 2002  In 2002, the Computing Research Association held a conference to identify Grand Challenges for computing 1. Systems You Can Count On Global, scalable, persistent, reliable, efficient networks 2. A Teacher for Every Learner Scalable, learner-centered distance learning/collaboration 3. Ubiquitous Safety.net Disaster prediction, prevention, mitigation, and response 4. Conquering System Complexity Self-configuring, -optimizing, -maintaining, -healing systems 5. Build a Team of Your Own Augmented cognition: human/machine “cognitive partnerships”      Future of Computing 3 Thu 11/29/12

  4. Grand Challenges: UKCRC 2009  The UK Computing Research Committee has identified eight Grand Challenges for computer science 1. In Vivo  In Silico (virtual organisms) 2. Science for Ubiquitous Global Computing 3. Memories for Life (storing/searching pictures, video, email, ...) 4. Architecture of Brain and Mind 5. Dependable Systems Evolution 6. Journeys In Non-Classical Computing (biological/natural) 7. Learning for Life 8. Bringing the Past to Life for the Citizen http://www.ukcrc.org.uk/grand-challenge/current.cfm Future of Computing 4 Thu 11/29/12

  5. Quantum Computing  Bits can’t get any smaller  But electrons can be in multiple quantum states simultaneously (“superpositioning”) qubit: can be in 2 states at once 2 qubits: 4 states at once n qubits: 2nstates at once!   In effect, we can build massively parallel computers!  SciAm Special: How Do Quantum Computers Work?  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSr7hyOHO1Q&feature=relate d    Images: ams.org Future of Computing 5 Thu 11/29/12

  6. Self-Configuring Systems  Quadrotors (University of Pennsylvania) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YQIMGV5vtd4   More nifty self-configuring robots: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SkvpEfAPXn4&feature=fvw  Image: discovermagazine.com Future of Computing 6 Thu 11/29/12

  7. Nanotechnology  “Nano” refers to the scale of these systems: 1nm = 10-9meters = one billionth of a meter Carbon-carbon bonds are about .15 nm A DNA molecule has a diameter of about 2nm The smallest cellular life form is about 200nm across  “Nanotechnology”: Devices that are smaller than ~100nm  First mention of nanotechnology (not by that name): Richard Feynman, 1959 talk  First nanotechnology: Fullerenes (discovered in 1985) – carbon molecules forming a hollow structure (sphere, ellipsoid, tube) “Buckyball” – spherical fullerene (both named after Buckminster Fuller, inventor of the geodesic dome) These are actually used today in manufacturing Images: godunov.com, answers.com Future of Computing         7 Thu 11/29/12

  8. Approaches to Nanotechnology  Self-assembly Like the self-configuring systems we saw at the macro level!   Top-down design of “molecular machines” We can program these nanomachines!  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fkTXefpkXCQ Nanorobotics 3D printing     http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jlq5R84TlVw&feature=related Applications: manufacturing, environmental remediation, medical treatment...  Future of Computing 8 Thu 11/29/12

  9. Killer App  A “killer app” is a paradigm-shifting technology application  Lots of things have been referred to as “killer apps”: Spreadsheets Email The Web Google Word processing      Images: celecus.com, logic.stanford.edu, google.com Future of Computing 9 Thu 11/29/12

  10. What’s the Newest Killer App?  A Google search on “Next Killer App” reveals the following “killer apps” from the last few years: Business Week 2007   Paperless maps (GPS) Mashable.com 2010   Social media games blogs.oracle.com 2011   NFC proximity-based phone payments Mashable.com 2012: Killer Apps for Engineering and Science Majors   Knowledge modeling and visualization tools: MonsterAnatomyHD, GeneIndexHD, 3D Brain... Future of Computing 10 Thu 11/29/12

  11. What’s the Next Killer App?  Here are some of the “next killer apps” as cited by 2012 sources: EETimes.com:   Machines that see: embedded vision CNN:   TV’s next killer app: instant weather reports Forbes:   iWallet, “cloud lockers” (Dropbox), custom apps NPD Group:   Apple Lightning connector Bloomberg:   Maps and navigation Future of Computing 11 Thu 11/29/12

  12. The Next Killer App: Google Earth?  Google Earth application: Security watch http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_J7qE6frzz8   Google Earth 5 – 3D Mars! http://goggleearthvideos.magnify.net/video/Google-Earth-5-3D-Mars   Google Earth Zooms Too Close video: http://www.break.com/index/google-earth-zooms-too-close.html  Future of Computing 12 Thu 11/29/12

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