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CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT

CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT. BY SUMERA QURESHI. AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES. CROP- WHHEN PLANTS OF THE SAME TYPE ARE GROWN ON A PIECE OF LAND. TYPES OF CROPS- KHARIF- GROWN IN RAINY SEASON(JUNE TO SEPTEMBER) EG-PADDY, MAIZE. RABY- GROWN IN WINTER(OCT TO MATCH) EG- WHEAT, PEA, GRAM.

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CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT

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  1. CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT BY SUMERA QURESHI

  2. AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES • CROP- WHHEN PLANTS OF THE SAME TYPE ARE GROWN ON A PIECE OF LAND. • TYPES OF CROPS- • KHARIF- GROWN IN RAINY SEASON(JUNE TO SEPTEMBER) EG-PADDY, MAIZE. • RABY- GROWN IN WINTER(OCT TO MATCH) • EG- WHEAT, PEA, GRAM

  3. AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES • 1.PREPARATION OF SOIL. • 2.SOWING • 3. ADDING MANURE AND FERTILIZER • 4. IRRIGATION • 5. PROTECTION FROM WEEDS • 6. HARVESTING • 7. STORAGE

  4. PRPARATION OF SOIL-THE LOOSENING AND TURNING OF SOIL BY PLOUGH

  5. plough

  6. CULTIVATOR

  7. SOWING- SEED DRILLS ARE US ED FOR SOWING HEALTHY SEEDS OF GOOD VARIETY

  8. Traditional seed drill

  9. MANURE • WHEN THE DEAD PLANT AND ANIMAL MATTER IS DECOMPOSED TO PROVIDE NUTRIENTS TO THE CROP PLANTS. • IF EARTHWORMS ARE USED FOR MAKING MANURE, IT IS CALLED VERMICOMPOSTING

  10. manure

  11. VERMICOMPOSTING

  12. FERTILISER • IF CHEMICALS PREPARED IN FACTORIES ARE USED FOR PROVIDING NUTRIENTS TO THE CROP PLANTS. • EG – SUPER PHOSPHATE, UREA, AMMONIUM SULPHATE, NPK( NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM

  13. FERTILISER

  14. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FRTILISER AND MANURE

  15. ADVANTAGES OF MANURE • IT INCRESES WATER HOLDING CAPACITY OF SOIL. • IT MAKES SOIL POROUS SO THAT GASEOUS EXCHANGE CAN TAKE PLACE. • IT INCREASES FRIENDLY MICROBES. • IT IMPROVES TEXTURE OF SOIL

  16. IRRIGATION • THE TIME TO TIME WATERING OF CROP PLANTS IS CALLED IRRIGATION. • SOURCES- TANK, RIVER, POND, LAKE, WELL, DAMS, TUBE WELLS,CANALS

  17. TRADITIONAL METHODS OF IRRIGATION- MOAT

  18. CHAIN PUMP

  19. DHEKLI

  20. MODERN METHODS- SPRINKLER

  21. DRIP IRRIGATION

  22. PROTECTION FROM WEEDS • WEED- AN UNWANTED PLANT GROWING WITH THE CROP WHICH COMPETES WITH IT FOR SPACE, SUNLIGHT, NUTRIENTS AND WATER. • IT CAN BE REMOVED BY HAND PLCKING ,A AKHURPI OR BY CHEMICALS WHICH KILL WEEDS(WEEDICIDE) SUCH AS 2,4-D

  23. WEED

  24. HARVESTING • WHEN THE CROP IS MATURE AND READY THEN THE CUTTING IS CALLED HARVESTING • THRESHING- WHEN THE GRAIN IS SEPARATED FROM CHAFF USING A COMBINE OR A HARVESTER. • WINNOWING- WHEN WIND IS USED FOR SEPARATING SEEDS FROM CHAFF.

  25. HARVESTER

  26. HARVEST FESTIVALSBAISAKHI, HOLI, DIWALI, PONGAL,BIHU

  27. WINNOWING

  28. STORAGE • STORAGE OF GRAINS IS DONE EITHER IN GODOWNS OR SILOS WHERE TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY IS CONTROLLED. GRAIN IS PROTECTED FROM RATS, INSECTS, BIRDS AND MICRO-ORGANISMS.

  29. silos

  30. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY • THE DOMESTICATION OR REARING OF ANIMALS FOR THE IR PRODUCTS WHICH INCLUDES REARING, FEEDNG, HEEDING AND BREEDING • EG- DAIRYING, POULTRY, FISH CULTURE

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