Inspiring the next generation of computer scientists (2014 edition)

1. Inspiring the next generation of computer scientists (2014 edition) SyedaUmema Hani Asst Professor SSUET, PhD candidate Hamdard University, Prev. SPM Accentys. Sen. SE STI.

2. PROBLEM ? • Lack of Knowledge about where Computer Science exists (Areas and Business Sectors) ? • There Global/Local Market Worth. • Lack of Motivation in CS Enrolled Students. • Under What Job roles they will be utilized (Classification of career opportunities )? • What skills they need to gain during CS degree ?

3. Pa) Possible Sectors for CS • Students need to know how varied and lucrative a career in IT can be. • There is a perception that with a qualification in ICT young people will exclusively finds jobs at an IT company or doing rather unglamorous back-office or support work - often in a male-dominated working environment. • All businesses today, and in the future, will rely to some extent on IT - for most technology is at the core of whatever they do - whether they operate in retail, manufacturing, financial services, the arts, or virtually any other discipline. With the right computer science skills young people can find work in any industry, in any sector and in any position.

4. Pa) Possible Sectors for CS? • Nuclear Physics:ENIAC and the Hydrogen Bomb • Meteorology(Predicts Weathers): Simulating the World • Mathematics: The Logic Theorist and the Automation of Proof • Cognitive Psychology(An approach to psychology that emphasizes internal mental processes ): GPS and Psychological Theory • Biochemistry: DENDRAL and Knowledge Engineering • Aerospace: The Apollo Guidance Computer • Laboratory: The LINC Between the Designer and the User • Medicine: MYCIN and the Formalization of Expertise • Supercomputing at Home: A Social Experiment in Distributed Computing • Linguistics: Lost in Machine Translation • Humanities (Studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills): Hype, Text, and Hypertext • It also encompasses the “Digital world” to which we subscribe to and use daily: Facebook, YouTube, eBay, Amazon. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/science-technology-and-society/sts-035-the-history-of-computing-spring-2004/readings/

5. Pb) Worth for Computer Science Graduates in International Market • Employment opportunities are expected to increase 19% between 2010 - 2020. • The average salary for the most in-demand positions for computer science majors is about $89,000 per annum. • Who is hiring and where are the jobs? Indeed.com has compiled data about which companies are hiring and where, as well as the average salaries for these positions. http://jobsearch.about.com

6. Pb) Worth for Computer Science Graduates (Jobs in Local Market)

7. Pc) Lack of Motivation • ICT curriculum should reflect the modern age. • Move from know how of “basic desktop applications and hardware” towards more involved concepts such as “programming or networking”. • Skills that will be in most demand in the coming decades: • Programming languages such as Java, PhP, and .Net • Cloud computing skills • Big data analytics. Jane Richardson is director of the Oracle Academy in EMEA

8. Pd) Classification of Career Opportunities for CS Grads. • Career opportunities for CS are divided into 7 categories: • Programming and software development • Web and Internet • Graphics and multimedia • Information systems operation and management • Telecommunications and networking • Training and support • Computer science research • Computer industry specialists • MBA degree is helpful to management consultants, • Biology and biochemistry is needed for bioinformatics specialists, • Advanced degree in computer science is needed for Data miners. http://www.cse.ust.hk/ug/career/opportunities/

9. Pd1) Programming and Software Development • Systems analyst Problem solver who specialize in how information flows from information sources to computers. • Systems consultant/Administrator Install or configure hardware or software, write or customize programs, or otherwise help solve information processing problems for an organization. • Software engineer Designs and writes complex computer programs as part of a software development team. Applies principles of computer science to solve practical problems. • Systems programmer Designs and writes programs that interface with a computer's low-level operating system, such as device drivers and utilities. • Database analyst Designs and creates programs used to collect, maintain, and analyze data needed by business, government, or other institutions. Adapts programs to changing business needs.

10. Cont. • Artificial Intelligence programmer expert systems that apply rules to making decisions, such as scheduling freight shipments or diagnosing disease; pattern recognition systems that give robots the ability to see and understand objects in their environment; neural network programs that can learn to perform tasks by constantly re-evaluating their performance. • Scientific applications programmer Works closely with scientists and engineers to write programs that simulate natural phenomena or analyze experimental results, or apply scientific or engineering principles to research or manufacturing. • User interface designer Designs the menus, icons, and other features that people will use to interact with a computer program or operating system. Needs to have empathy with computer users and artistic sense of composition. • Embedded systems application programmer Designs and develops applications for appliances and entertainment products such as PDA, mobile phone, mp3 player.

11. Pd2) Web and Internet • Internet applications programmer Develops programs that add features such as forms and animation to Web sites or that provide tools to help users get the most out of Internet. • Internet consultant Uses some combination of analysis, design, programming, and support skills to help clients with the design of Internet sites and configuration of Internet software and connections. • Webmaster Creates or maintains a Web site. Provides content and programming or supervises writers and programmers. Monitors the performance and popularity of the site. Provides secure forms and transactions for Internet-based businesses. • Internet advertising designer Creates effective advertising features for Web sites, including animation, sound, and text.

12. Pd3) Graphics and Multimedia • Animation/Special effects developer Develops software programs for creating sequences of computer images for games or movies. • Multimedia developer Uses design and programming skills to create interactive multimedia products that combine sound, images, and text. • Computer game designer/programmer Designs or writes computer games or game engines. Develop algorithms that make the characters realistic and intelligent. • Electronic sound producer Creates the music, voice, and sound effects for multimedia or computer games. Integrates sound into the overall design of the multimedia product.

13. Pd4) Information Systems Operation and Management • Electronic data processing (EDP) auditor Closely examines data processing operations to guard against loss through mistakes, carelessness, or fraud. Often work in banks, insurance companies, accounting firms, and other organizations that use a large amount of financial data. • Database administrator Takes overall responsibility for the usage, accuracy, efficiency, security, maintenance of an organisation's database systems. Coordinates development and use of data resources. • Systems administrator Responsible for managing the operation of a multi-user computer system or network so that it runs reliably and meets user's needs; updates and configures software and hardware; provides assistance to users and managers. • Computer security specialist Protects computer systems from illegal intrusions, viruses, data theft, fraud, or other forms of tampering.

14. Cont. • Management/IT consultants Uses problem solving skills and computer knowledge to solve business and management problems for organizations and foster improvement in areas such as organization structure, business communication, and productivity. Defines and analyzes problem, interviews employees, develops possible solutions, and presents options to client. • Information systems manager Oversees all operations in an organization's information system department, including technical support, training, network, and database operations. Ensures that everyone in the organization has timely, reliable access to the computer system and its databases and other resources. • Chief information officer (CIO) Serves as the highest information services executive for a major corporation. Responsible for long-term planning and setting organization-wide policy and standards relating to all computer-related activities.

15. Pd5) Telecommunications and Networking • Network engineer/consultant: Performs configuration of servers, hubs, routers, and other network communications equipment. • Network administrator: Takes overall responsibility for the operation and planning for a local or wide-area computer network. Pd6) Training and Support • Technical support representative • Trainer, software applications • Technical writer Pd7) Computer Science Research • Computer scientist/researcher • Computer science professor: Teaches college courses in computer science theory, performs research and supervises student research. May serve as consultant to government or business. • Artificial Intelligence researcher • Data miner • Bioinformatics specialist • Medical imaging specialist

16. Pd8) Computer Industry Specialists • Systems integrator Combines computer hardware and software from a variety of manufacturers to create the best possible system for a client's needs. • IT recruitment consultant Obtains the brief for job vacancies from clients, then matches candidates with the relevant qualities to these vacancies and arranges interviews with the clients. • IT sales professional Gives technical advice and guidance to customers pre or post installation of their computer systems. • Journalist, computer-related publications Gathers facts on people and events in the computer industry; writes news stories for computer magazines or the Internet.

17. Top 10 Job Titles for CS grads • Software Engineer • Systems Engineer • Software Developer • Java Developer • Business Analyst • .NET Developer • Web Developer • Systems Administrator • Project Manager • Network Engineer http://jobsearch.about.com/od/best-jobs-college/ss/Top-10-Jobs-for-Computer-Sciences-Majors.htm

18. Pe) Skills need to gain during Graduation • The UK lacks technical skills,” it said, adding that “the current pipeline of graduates and practitioners would not meet demand.” • The National Audit Office (NAO) suggested that it could take up to 20 years to close the IT security skills gap.

19. Cont. • Current Technologies: IT Security, Voice and Image recognition, GPS Technology, Google Map, Social Networking SDK’s, etc. • Skills that will be in most demand in the coming decades: • Programming languages such as Java, PhP, and .Net • Cloud computing skills • Big data analytics • Pay attention to and practice following 5 Software Development Trends: • Learn and use a modern scripting language. (Java, PhP, .Net) • Learn thoroughly and embrace the philosophy of a modern version control system. (GitHub) • Be familiar with NoSQL solutions like MongoDB, CouchDB. • Learn a functional language – or more than one. • Study agile methods and concepts. (SDLC, and Team Foundation Server) https://ochronus.com/top-5-trends-in-software-development/ • Review of 10 most important programming languages created, including Fortran, Cobol, C++ and JavaScript. http://www.computing.co.uk/ctg/analysis/2305379/the-evolution-of-programming-languages

20. Cont. • The Software Engineering 2004 Volume of Computing Curricula Series specifies “what every SE graduate must know” as part of its Software Engineering Education Knowledge (SEEK)

21. Keep count on your skills by building your 1st CV. < http://www.myperfectresume.com > • Starting from semester 1 keep adding your “Subject projects” which are relevant to your job interest area. • In Final year add details of your “Final year Project”. • Add it up with “internship”.

22. Keep in Mind The Future expectations from CS /ICT Technology

23. Best of Luck ! In case of any Queries regarding your career: Email: Umema_hani@yahoo.com