Understanding Atomic Structure: Key Concepts and Theories from Chapter 18

1. Review of Chapter 18 • Structure of the Atom • Scientists use shorthand for Element names • First letter of the name and a small letter • Not all names are in English • Atoms consist of: • A nucleus • Protons and Neutrons • Electrons

2. The Atom

3. The Atom LOL I D K M Y O B

4. The Atom

5. The Atom

6. The Atom

7. The Atom

9. The Atom http://www.nexusresearchgroup.com/fun_science/elements.htm

10. Parts of the Atom http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1984/jul-aug/roberds1.jpg

11. Parts of the Atom http://www.chemistryland.com/ElementarySchool/BuildingBlocks/HeliumAtom2.jpg

12. The Parts that make up the Parts Quarks

13. The Parts that make up the Parts All matter is made up of a combination of two types of Quarks. The Up Quark. The Down Quark. 3 Quarks in a Proton. 3 Quarks in a Neutron.

14. Review of Chapter 18 • Proton • UUD • Neutron • UDD

15. History of Atomic Theory

16. History of Atomic Theory

17. History of Atomic Theory

18. History of Atomic Theory

19. History of Atomic Theory http://www.jdenuno.com/Chemistry/AtomModels.pdf

20. History of Atomic Theory

21. History of Atomic Theory

22. History of Atomic Theory

23. History of Atomic Theory

24. Review of Chapter 18 • Almost all of the mass of an atom is in the nucleus. The unit of mass used is the AMU (atomic mass unit) Roughly equal to the mass of one proton or neutron. Defined as 1/12 the mass of a carbon atom with 6 protons & 6 neutrons

25. Review of Chapter 18 • The number of protons Identify the Element. • The Mass number is the number of protons plus the number of neutrons. • Isotopes – atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons. • Average Atomic Mass

26. Review of Chapter 18 • The Periodic Table • An organized list of the elements based on repeated patterns of properties. • Although many scientists have • contributed to the development • of the periodic table the first • recognizable table was developed • By Dimitri Mendeleev

27. Review of Chapter 18 • Mendeleev’s table organized the elements by atomic mass. • His table allowed Him to predict the existence of elements that were unknown at that time. • A problem exists with his table.

28. Review of Chapter 18 • The modern periodic table organizes the elements by atomic number.

29. Review of Chapter 18 • Shape of the table is dictated by the electron structure of the elements.

30. Review of Chapter 18 • Atomic number increases from left to right and from the top to the bottom of the table. • Each row (period) on the table is equivalent to an energy level or shell in the atom. • Each column (group) on the table contains elements with similar properties.

31. Review of Chapter 18 • Electron Dot Diagrams • A way of showing how many electrons are in the outer shell of the atom.

32. Review of Chapter 18