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Science of Scuba Diving

Science of Scuba Diving. Spicer Bak Stevens Institute of Technology This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF DGE-0742462. Overview. Magnification Light Pressure Boyles Law Nitrogen Narcosis. Magnification.

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Science of Scuba Diving

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  1. Science of Scuba Diving Spicer Bak Stevens Institute of Technology This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF DGE-0742462

  2. Overview • Magnification • Light • Pressure • Boyles Law • Nitrogen Narcosis

  3. Magnification • Objects appear 33% larger • 25% closer • 3 m long object – 4 m away • 33% larger – 33% of 3m is 1m = 4m • Looking up at 45% • 4m tall at distance of 4m • 25% closer, appears 3m tall at distance 3m • (3m tall at distance of 3m)

  4. Science of Scuba Diving

  5. Light Absorption

  6. Boyle’s Law

  7. Boyles Law • P1*V1=P2*V2 • Pressure = P • Volume = V • As Pressure Increases • Volume Decreases • Applied to: • BC • Lungs • Mask • Body

  8. Pressure • With Depth, Pressure Increases • Even in lungs and • At Depth = 99 ft.. • 1 breath = 4xmolecules of air of normal breath

  9. Boyles Law • Decompression Sickness • High Pressure increases nitrogen concentration in blood • Turns Gas -> Liquid • Dissolves in blood • Come to surface too quickly • Nitrogen goes from Liquid to Gas in blood stream (like opening coke) • Embolism • Decompression Stops • Stop at various depths during surface to reach equilibrium • Emergency Surface • Take Deep breath and blow out slowly as rise to the surface • Gas expands, always have air

  10. Nitrogen Narcosis

  11. Nitrogen Narcosis • With depth increases nitrogen in blood stream • Under High Pressure Nitrogen Dissolves into blood • Causes Nitrogen narcosis • Effects • Similar to Alcohol Intoxication

  12. Nitrogen Narcosis

  13. Narcosis

  14. Nitrogen Narcosis - Solutions • Normal – 78% nitrogen – 21% Oxygen • Nitrox • Mixes with higher oxygen content • Very specific types of dives • 68% N – 32% O2 • Others designed • Oxygen Toxicity • VENTID-C • Vision (blurriness) • Ears-Ringing • Nausea • Twitching • Irritability • Dizziness • Convulsions

  15. Nitrogen Narcosis Does Free Diving have same Risks as Scuba Diving? Eg. Nitrogen Narcosis, The bends?

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