The History of Chewing Gum by Rocky Lundy

1. The History of Chewing GumbyRocky Lundy

2. Timeline of Chewing Gum • Prehistoric Man - 9,000 year-old birch bark tar • Ancient Greece - Mastic Tree Resin (Mastiche) • Mayan Indians - Sapodilla Tree Sap (Chicle) • Native American Indians - Spruce Tree Resin • 1848 - John Curtis–St. of Maine Pure Spruce Gum • 1850 - John Curtis – Flavored Paraffin Gum

3. Timeline of Chewing Gum • 1867 – Gen. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna meets • Thomas Adams Sr. “Chicle” • 1869 – Thomas Adams markets “ Adams • New York Chewing Gum”.

4. Manilkara zapota (L.)Sapodilla (Chicle)Tree • Trees found in Yucatan, Belize and N. Guatemala • Trees must be 70 years old before tapping • Can only tap (harvest ) once every 4 -6 years • Harvested during rainy season (July – Feb) • One tree = 10 gal latex = 2.5 lbs chicle (24 hr. tap) • 1943 US imported record 9,000 tons from Mexico • 13 pounds of chicle = 5,000 pieces of gum • 1930s gum contained 15% chicle & 60% sugar

5. Manilkara zapota (L.)Sapodilla (chicle) Tree

6. Manilkara zapota (L.)Sapodilla (chicle) Tree

7. Chiclero scaling Sapodilla Tree

8. America during the “Victorian Era”

9. Timeline of Chewing Gum • 1870 - Adams produces 1st flavored gum (licorice) which was also the first stick of chewing gum. • 1871 - Adams patents 1st gum making machine.

10. Timeline of Chewing Gum • 1879 - William White discovers how to flavor chicle choosing peppermint as the 1st flavor named Yucatan chewing gum.

11. W.J. White Co. Gum

12. Timeline of Chewing Gum 1882 - Dr. Edward Beeman adds pepsin powder to chicle & promotes as digestive aid.

13. 1886 - Jonathan Primely makes the 1st fruit- flavored gum and a gum called Kis-Me.

14. 1888 – Adams “Tutti Frutti” becomes 1st • chewing gum in vending machine. • Placed in NYC subway stations.

15. 1890s - Gum vending machines

16. 1897 – Pulver adds animated figures

17. 1891 – William Wrigley Jr. entered the gum field with the Vassar, Lotta & Sweet 16 brands. • 1892 – Wrigley introduces Spearmint Pepsin gum. • 1893 – Wrigley introduces Juicy Fruit gum.

18. 1911- Gum added to Beech-Nut product line

19. 1890 – Henry Fleer invents Chiclets • Chiclets was the 1st candy-coated chewing gum commercially made and marketed in the world.

20. 1899 - Dentyne gum was created by New York druggist Franklin V. Canning

21. 1899 – American Chicle Company Formed Amalgamation of: Adams Gum (Thomas Adams), Yucatan Gum (William White), Beeman’s Gum (Dr. Edward Beeman), Kis-Me Gum (Jonathan Primley), and S.T. Britten. • 1907 – Gumballs and gumball machines introduced

22. 1914 – Wrigley introducesDoublemint gum • 1914 – Adams introduces Clove gum Prohibition Period– “ It will take your breath away ”

23. 1914 – American Chicle Company buysSen-Sen Company (Fleer, Curtis, etc.) • 1916 – American Chicle Co. acquires Dentyne Gum

24. 1920 – Clark Bros. Chewing Gum Co. 1960s 1930s Tijuana Brass 1st Hit “On the Level”

25. 1927 - Wrigley introduces PK Gum * Discontinued in 1975

26. 1928 – Walter Diemer ( Fleer Gum Co.)invents Bubble Gum • Christened it Dubble Bubble Gum

27. 1930s – Gum trading Cards Introduced

28. 1933 – Peter Paul Co. sells a charcoal gum - advertise on Mounds box

29. 1938 - Shorin Bros. begin Topps Company • Topps Bubble Gum becomes 1st change maker • After WW II Bazooka Bubble Gum becomes popular • 1939 – The Doublemint Twins make debut. • 1939 - The FFDCA Act passes • Classifies gum as a food • FDA tells gum companies they do not need to list ingredients like other foods

30. 1944 - Wrigley takes Doublemint, Juicy Fruit and Spearmint gum off the market • Due to war rationing of raw materials • To protect quality and reputation of gums • Wrigley markets Orbit as war time gum • During WWII US military spread the popularity of chewing gum to Europe, Asia, Africa and around the world.

31. 1946 – Wrigley reintroduces Spearmint and Juicy Fruit • 1947- Wrigley reintroduces Doublemint • 1950-Harvey’s Sugarless Gum Debuted Artificial sweetener Cyclamate introduced *1970 – Cyclamate banned in U.S

32. William Wrigley Jr. 1862- 1932 “Chewing Gum King of Kings”

33. 1891 - Wm. Wrigley moves to Chicago to sell family soap One can of baking soda with each bar of soap 2 sticks of gum with each can of baking soda

34. Wrigley sells only gum but with premiums

35. Wrigley’s Premiums

36. 1907 Wrigley designs spear-like grinning gnome

37. 1911 – Wrigley buysZeno Manufacturing Co.

38. Wrigley’s Early Gums

39. 1915 - Wrigley introduces “Mother Goose” “To the children of the World 6 to 60”

40. Wrigley’s Mother Goose Ads

41. 1915- Wrigley mails 3 sticks of gum to everyone listed in telephone directories (1.5m) • 1919 – Wrigley repeats sending gum to everyone listed in directories (7million).

42. Wrigley mailed 2 sticks of gum to 750,000 2-year olds every year on their birthdays.

43. Wrigley’s Lone Wolf Radio Program “The largest Indian tribe on record”

44. Wrigley Electric Billboards Time Square & Piccadilly Circus

45. Wrigley Electric Billboards New York Time Square - Today

46. At one time during the early 1900s each of the 62,200 street and subway train cars in America carried a Wrigley’s poster.

47. Wrigley Advertising (1930s)

48. Wrigley’s Ads Yesterday & Today

49. 1919 Wrigley Purchases Santa Catalina Island

50. 1920 - 1924 Wrigley Building in Chicago Constructed