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Ancient Indian Civilization

Ancient Indian Civilization. Hindu Kush. Himalayas. Deccan Plateau. The Subcontinent of India. India’s Rivers. Notorious BIG B rahmaputra I ndus G anges. Hindu Kush. Himalayas. Brahmaputra River. Indus River. Ganges River. Deccan Plateau.

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Ancient Indian Civilization

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  1. Ancient Indian Civilization

  2. Hindu Kush Himalayas Deccan Plateau The Subcontinent of India

  3. India’s Rivers Notorious BIG Brahmaputra Indus Ganges

  4. Hindu Kush Himalayas Brahmaputra River Indus River Ganges River Deccan Plateau Major rivers – all originating in the Himalayan Mountains.

  5. The Himalayas

  6. Hindu Kush Mountains

  7. Khyber Pass – route through the Hindu Kush

  8. Chronology • 3000 – 2600 BCE ~ Harappan Civilization • 1200 – 500 BCE ~ Vedic Era – Hinduism • 550 – 100 BCE ~ Hindu Rivals – Buddhism • 322 – 185 BCE ~ Mauryan Empire • 320 – 540 CE ~ Gupta Empire

  9. Rainfall came in the form of seasonal monsoons (a wind with dependable, but intense, periods of rainfall) which were crucial to farmers.

  10. The people began domesticating sheep, goats, cows & water buffalo

  11. The people began planting crops The people grew cotton and knew how to weave it into cloth.

  12. Examples of Terraced Farm Fields

  13. Ancient model of an ox cart

  14. A more modern ox cart that looks very similar to the ancient model.

  15. People began trading with distant areas (shells & beads).

  16. An overland trading caravan

  17. Loading goods onto a boat from a caravan.

  18. Began trading with Mesopotamia and Egypt on a larger scale. • Mohenjo-Daro& Harappa were the 2 largest cities – with populations of over 40,000 each. • Well-planned cities with modern plumbing. • The government was centralized and ruled by priest-kings.

  19. Mohenjo-Daro

  20. Can you see the relationship between these two images?

  21. Buildings were constructed with standardized, baked bricks, which made them long-lasting.

  22. They had an underground sewer system.

  23. The people of the Indus River Valley developed an arithmetic system & incorporated the use of decimals.

  24. Harappan weights were used for trading purposes.

  25. They also had heated bathing pools Private bath with drain to sewer system, Mohenjo-Daro

  26. Earliest public bath – Mohenjo-Daro

  27. There was a written language (not yet deciphered).

  28. A Harappan seal – used for trading purposes. A seal (kind of like a badge or a broach) represented a person’s village.

  29. Burial pottery Burial rituals and practices were used.

  30. Modern Harappa

  31. Indus River

  32. Chronology • 3000 – 2600 BCE ~ Harappan Civilization • 1200 – 500 BCE ~ Vedic Era – Hinduism • 550 – 100 BCE ~ Hindu Rivals – Buddhism • 322 – 185 BCE ~ Mauryan Empire • 320 – 540 CE ~ Gupta Empire

  33. Around 1500 BCE ~ a group of people called Aryanscame through Khyber Pass to live on the Indus plains • They were warriors with chariots. • They were Indo-European – their language was related to most European languages

  34. As the Aryan invaders settled, their culture and religion mixed with that of the indigenous people who were already living there. Out of this mixture came the religion of Hinduism.

  35. Om…the sound of the universe Hinduism

  36. -Brahma • “the Creator”

  37. -Vishnu • “the Preserver”

  38. -Shiva • “the Destroyer”

  39. Basic Beliefs • All living things have a soul • Brahman is the eternal soul • The illusion of reality, or maya, keeps the soul from rejoining with the eternal soul • Reincarnation purifies the soul

  40. reincarnation

  41. Hindus also believe in ahimsa, or the concept of non-violence

  42. Bathing in the sacred Ganges River

  43. The Caste System Untouchables

  44. Kashmir (in N. India) = Hindus vs. Muslims http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east_and_asia/kashmir_disputed_2003.jpg

  45. Buddhism “Let a man overcome anger by love, let him overcome evil by good. Let him overcome the greedy by liberality, the liar by truth.” –Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha

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