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This overview examines the legal framework for class actions in South Africa, focusing on the landmark Ngxuza case that emphasizes the necessity of obtaining leave of court for class action certification against the state. In contrast, the Pioneer Food case highlights the recognition of general class actions on an opt-out basis for damages. This article also explores the distinction between opt-in and opt-out mechanisms, the requirements for certification, and the implications of the SCA's rulings for future class proceedings.
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CLASS ACTIONS: PROCEDURAL FRAMEWORK
NGXUZA’S Case (SCA) • Bill of Rights case against the state • Leave of court (certification) necessary to proceed • No general class action
PIONEER FOOD CASE (CONSUMER MATTER; SCA) • General class action (opt-out basis) for damages recognized • Necessity of certification • Requirements to obtain certification • Assessment
Pioneer Food Case (Distributor Matter; Cc) • Opt-in class action fully recognized • Gloss regarding certification requirements laid down by SCA and interests of justice • Obiter remarks regarding certification in class proceedings against the state • Assessment