Karol A. Donaubauer, BA, DC, CCSP Palmer College of Chiropractic Community Outreach Clinic

1. Knee Pain: Osteoarthritis in some religious sectors due to biomechanical postural loading. A literature review Karol A. Donaubauer, BA, DC, CCSP Palmer College of Chiropractic Community Outreach Clinic Davenport, IA APHA Conference: Boston November 2-6, 2013

2. DISCLOSURE Karol Donaubauer, BA, DC, CCSP The following personal financial relationships with commercial interests relevant to this presentation existed during the past 12 months: I have no relationships to disclose

3. Osteoarthritis: • AKA: Hypertrophic osteoarthritis; Osteoarthritis; Degenerative joint disease; DJD; OA; Arthritis – osteoarthritis • 2 types: Idiopathic (localized) or Secondary (traumatic, congenital, metabolic/endocrine/neuropathic and other medical causes). • Most frequent chronic musculoskeletal disorder and leading cause of disability in US and the world • 43 million Americans and approx. 15% of the world are affected • Aging process: wear and tear on joints, esp. hands, hips, knees, spine.

4. Continued • Hyaline joint cartilage is the main target that causes OA • NO cure for OA • Symptoms: pain, swelling, stiffness • Begins after the age of 40 • KNEES: 45+ years: 18.7% women; 13.5% men 60+ years: 13.6% women; 10% men • Costs: $7.9 billion est. of knee and hip replacements in 1997

7. Squatting position NOTE: knees positions

8. From: DtschArztebl Int. 2010 March; 107(9): 152–162.

9. TREATMENT for OA: knees • The best treatment for OA of the knee is prevention; otherwise: • Focus on relieving symptoms and improving function • Includes any combination of: • Patient education or RE-EDUCATION • Physical therapy • Weight control • Use of medications (anti-inflammatory) • CHIROPRACTIC ADJUSTMENTS • Full spine • Patellas • Knee joints

10. TREATMENT: continued • Pillow • Knee pads • Not perform position (last resort) • Need to be culturally sensitive • REFERENCES upon request

11. THANK YOU !!!