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Introduction to Embedded Systems - EE281 Lecture #0 at Stanford University

This introductory lecture of EE281 at Stanford University explores embedded systems, focusing on the AVR microcontroller. Led by Pascal Stang with guest lecturer John Gill, the session outlines course expectations, lab assignments, and provides an overview of microcontroller components and design principles. Students will learn to interface inputs and outputs, and engage in hands-on projects, including creating blinking lights and an ASCII-to-Morse converter. This foundational course is essential for understanding embedded system architecture and applications.

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Introduction to Embedded Systems - EE281 Lecture #0 at Stanford University

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  1. Post-Modernism Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  2. Introduction • Instructor: • Pascal Stang, Teaching Fellow, EE • Guest Lecturer: • John Gill, Associate Professor ISL • TA: • David Black-Schaffer, Graduate Student, EE Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  3. Lecture #0 Outline • Administrative Trivia • What is an embedded system? • Designing embedded systems • Introduction to the AVR • Lab #0: Start Thinking About Your Project • Lab #1: Blinking Lights on the STK-500 Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  4. Administrative Trivia • Maximum Class Capacity • Course Information Sheet • Contact Info • Lab • Lectures • Grading • Late Policy • Online resources Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  5. Survey: Have You... • got a windows PC? (or linux?) • programmed in assembly and C? • ever used a logic analyzer? • ever worked with microcontrollers before? • ever soldered before? • ever built anything for fun? Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  6. What is an “embedded system”? • What makes a microcontroller: • Self Contained • CPU • Memory • I/O • Application or Task Specific • Not a general-purpose computer • Appropriately scaled for the job Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  7. But What About… • Embedded PCs? • “Soft” Processors on PLDs? • Systems On A Chip? Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  8. Designing Embedded Systems • Microcontrollers • Don’t have keyboard and monitor jacks • Must use ports to perform I/O • Inputs – to sense things • Outputs – to control things • Related Component Topics • Cool Parts • Common Interfaces • Part Packages Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  9. What You’ll Do: • Labs • Lab 0 – Think about your project • Lab 1 – Blinking Lights (pushbuttons and LEDs) • Lab 2 – Ascii-to-Morse Converter • Lab 3 – LCD Clock • Lab 4 – “Video Paint” • New ideas welcome… • Presentation • Final Project • Hardware • Report • Presentation Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  10. Are you still reading these? Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  11. Introduction to the AVR • AVR Studio Assembler Example • Assembler Directives • AVR Instruction Set • More About The AVR Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  12. AVR Studio Example • What does it generate? • .obj • .hex • How about blink.asm? • Set up a project • Run in simulation • Look at generated files… Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  13. Assembler Directives • .device • .include • .org • .def • .equ • .db Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  14. AVR Instruction Set • What were they trying to do? • How did they implement it? • What are the “useful” instructions? Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  15. More about the AVR • What are the features of RISC? • 1 instruction per clock cycle (pipelined) • Lots of registers: 32 GP registers • Register-to-register operation • Variations in the parts: • TINY to MEGA • ATtiny10 • Processor has only 8 pins – what good is it? • ATmega128 • Processor has 64 pins – what do I need them all for? Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  16. Databooks Online • Virtually all new part datasheets are available online. • Paper databooks are static. • Online errata can save you from headaches. Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  17. Lab Assignment #0 • What do you want to make? • Cool Toy • Communication Widget • Specialty Control System • Pointless Active Desk-Art • A “Killer” Device • Details about the basic project requirements will be posted on the web page Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

  18. Lab Assignment #1 • Blinking Lights. • Make sure you can make AVR Studio work. • Figure out some variations on the demonstration program. • Dealing with Button Bounce • Get comfortable with the AVR Instruction Set. Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #0

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