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HIV/AIDS

HIV/AIDS. HIV. Human Immunodeficiency Virus H = Infects only Human beings I = Immunodeficiency virus weakens the immune system and increases the risk of infection V = Virus that attacks the body. AIDS. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome A = Acquired , not inherited

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HIV/AIDS

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  1. HIV/AIDS

  2. HIV • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • H = Infects onlyHumanbeings • I = Immunodeficiency virus weakens the immune system and increases the risk of infection • V = Virus that attacks the body

  3. AIDS • Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome • A =Acquired, not inherited • I = Weakens the Immune system • D = Creates a Deficiency of cells in the immune system • S = Syndrome, or a group of illnesses taking place at the same time

  4. HIV and AIDS • When the immune system become weakened by HIV, the illness progresses to AIDS • Some blood tests, symptoms, or certain infections indicate the progression of HIV to AIDS

  5. Transmission • HIV is transmitted by: • Direct contact with infected blood • Sexual contact: oral, anal, or vaginal • Direct contact with semen or vaginal and cervical secretions • HIV-infected mothers to infants during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding

  6. Transmission • HIV is NOT transmitted by: • Coughing, sneezing • Insect bites • Touching, hugging • Kissing • Sharing glasses or other utensils

  7. Natural History • Infection • Asymptomatic • No signs of HIV • Immune system controls virus production • Symptomatic • Physical signs of HIV infection • Some immune suppression • AIDS • Opportunistic infections • End-stage disease

  8. HIV Disease • HIV can directly infect the: • Brain (HIV dementia) • Gut (wasting) • Heart (cardiomyopathy)

  9. World Statistics • 33.4 million people are currently living with HIV/AIDS • 97% of those live in low and middle income countries in sub-Saharan Africa • 2.2 million are children under 15

  10. US Statistics • More than 1.1 million people in the US are living with HIV • ~ 1 in 6 (15.8%) are unaware that they are infected • ~ 50,000 new infections every year • Concentrated mainly in urban areas and in the South

  11. Wisconsin Statistics • Males are 78% of new diagnoses • Blacks: • Males – 10x higher than Whites • Females – 25x higher than Whites • Milwaukee is 6x higher than the rest of WI

  12. Wisconsin Statistics • WI is 1/3 rate of US states • 6.549 reported • + 1,500 estimated unaware • = about 8,000 infected in WI

  13. 2012 DIAGNOSES BY COUNTYFigure 17. HIV diagnoses by county, Wisconsin, 2012

  14. PREVALENCE: GEOGRAPHYFigure 24. Reported cases of HIV infection presumed to be alive by county, Wisconsin, as of December 31, 2012

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