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SPECIFIC TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR HEALTHCARE WASTE

SPECIFIC TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR HEALTHCARE WASTE. Jorge Emmanuel International Experts’ Workshop UNEP-DTIE-IETC July 19-20, 2012 Osaka, Japan. SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES IN THE COMPENDIUM. 64 specific technologies: 15 autoclave technologies 11 hybrid autoclaves

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SPECIFIC TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR HEALTHCARE WASTE

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  1. SPECIFIC TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR HEALTHCARE WASTE Jorge Emmanuel International Experts’ Workshop UNEP-DTIE-IETC July 19-20, 2012 Osaka, Japan

  2. SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES IN THE COMPENDIUM • 64 specific technologies: • 15 autoclave technologies • 11 hybrid autoclaves • 4 continuous steam treatment systems • 3 batch microwave units • 3 continuous microwave systems • 2 frictional heating treatment technologies • 2 dry heat units • 9 incinerators • 4 alkaline hydrolysis technologies • 3 chemical treatment systems • 8 new or emerging technologies • Technologies represent 22 countries: • Argentina (1), Australia (3), Austria (2), Belgium (2), Canada (1), China (3), France (5), Germany (2), Hungary (1), India (2), Iran (1), Israel (2), Italy (4), Japan (1), Luxemburg (1), New Zealand (1), Philippines (1), Spain (2), Tanzania (1), Turkey (1), United Kingdom (3), and United States (24)

  3. Specific Technologies in the Compendium • Data on each specific technology • Type of technology • Process description • Types of waste treated • Range of capacities • Pathogen destruction • Emissions and by-products • Operation • Installation • Maintenance • Job Potential • Locations where the technology is in operation • Cost estimates • Special features • Parameter for specification • Photographs • Vendor information • Contact information

  4. AUTOCLAVES: SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES • AWS Clinical Waste • Bondtech • CISA • GEF Technology • GK Moss • Incol • MachinFabrik • Mark-Costello • Matachana / Webeco • Medclean Technologies • OnSite Sterilization/Variclave • Safewaste Technologies • San-I-Pak • Steridium • Tuttnauer

  5. Autoclave: AWS Clinical Waste • 6 Models • Range of capacities: 20 to 20,000 liters/cycle • Special features: • Skid mounted • Post-treatment shredding • Odor control • Weighing and electronic waste tracking • In business since 1989 • Installations: Australia, New Caledonia, Papau New Guinea, New Zealand, UK, India and the USA

  6. Vacuum Autoclave: Bondtech • Range of capacities: 90 to 3,200 kg/cycle • Special features: • Pre- and post-vacuum using liquid ring pump or steam ejector • Internal tracks or lift table for autoclavable carts • Weighing and electronic waste tracking • In business since 1983 • Installations: Argentina, Canada, Chile, Ireland, Mexico, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Qatar, South Korea, Thailand, most states of the United States, and other countries

  7. Vacuum Autoclave: CISA • 7 models • Range of capacities: 10 to 150 kg/cycle • Special features: • Special autoclavable carts and trolleys • Fully enclosed stainless steel shelter, can be used outdoors • Can be constructed as a mobile system • In business for more than 60 years • Installations: Brazil, France, Germany, India, Italy, Jordan, Morocco, Singapore, and other countries in Central Asia, Middle East, East Asia, and the Americas.

  8. Steam Flushing Autoclave: GEF System • Designed for district level hospitals (50-150 beds) • Capacities: 200 liters per cycle • Special features: • Can operate on electricity, gas/solar, or biofuels • Special autoclavable waste containers and pedal stands • Designed to facilitate materials recovery and recycling; can be used with shredder or compactor-baler • Low-cost for low-income countries • Developed in Tanzania for the Global Environment Facility under UNDP, WHO and HCWH

  9. Vacuum Autoclave: GK Moss • Retort design • Range of capacities: 136 to 952 kg/cycle • Special features: • Autoclavable stainless steel carts with cart lift tables or ramps • Assembled in modules • In business since 1982 • Installations: most states in the United States, Vietnam

  10. Vacuum Autoclave: Incol • Multiple vacuum autoclave rated to 180ºC • 8 basic models • Range of capacities: 150 to 1500 kg/hr • Special features: • Autoclavable stainless steel carts with cart lift tables • Also manufacture shredders and bind tippers • In business since early 1990s • Installations: Argentina, Brazil

  11. Vacuum Autoclave: MachinFabrik • 9 models • Range of capacities: 1 to 110 kg/cycle • Special features: • Different door designs • Also manufacture shredders • In business since early 1990s • Installations: Bangladesh, India, Mauritius

  12. Gravity-displacment and Vacuum Autoclave: Mark-Costello • 12 models • Range of capacities: 22 to 1361 kg/cycle • Special features: • Gravity displacement or high vacuum autoclave • Carbon steel or stainless steel ; single or double door • Pull-out drawers, ramps, lifts, bin dumpers, shredders, compactors, balers, recycling equipment, robotics • Some autoclaves still in operation after 20 years • In business since early 1959; autoclaves since 1971 • Installations: Australia, Brazil, Canada, Guam, India, Mexico, New Guinea, New Zealand, Peru, Romania, US and the UK

  13. Vacuum Autoclave: Matachana / Webeco • Multiple vacuums; 4 models • Range of capacities: 7 to 600 kg/hr • Special features: • Two standard programs and two test programs for HCW • Internal racks for waste bags • Radiation detector • In business since 1962 • Installations: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, China and other Asian countires, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, France, Germany, Mexico, Norway, Peru, Portugal, Spain, and Venezuela

  14. Autoclave: MedClean • 6 models • Range of capacities: 70 to 190 kg/hr • Special features: • Fixed, mobile or containerized configurations • Aluminum-nickel alloy autoclavable carts • Also manufactures a high-torque low-speed shredder • In business since 1997 (formerly Aduromed) • Installations: Canada, United States

  15. Vacuum Autoclave: OnSite’sVariClave • Multiple vacuum • Capacity: 270 kg/cycle • Special features: • Self-aligning doors • Internal water spray to cool waste and wash bin • Automatically determines the cycles and process parameters according to the waste characteristics • In business since around 2000 • Installations: United States

  16. Autoclave: Safewaste • Gravity displacement • Capacity: 50 kg/hr • Special features: • Internal data logger monitors waste temperature • Multiple units can operate in parallel • Waste placed inside used rice sacks in steel baskets • Autoclave manufacturer in business since 1964 • Installations: Philippines

  17. Vacuum Autoclave: San-I-Pak • 6 model categories of multiple sizes • Range of capacities: 10 – 1000+ kg/hr • Special features: • Modular design; remote diagnostics • Most models have three tilt positions: load, process, dump • Integrated into compactor for regular waste • Autoclave manufacturer in business since 1964 • Installations: over 1000 installations in North America including US, South America, Central America, Europe, Middle East, New Zealand and Asia

  18. Vacuum Autoclave: Steridium • 10 models • Range of capacities: 150 – 800 liters per cycle • Special features: • Liquid ring pump or steam ejector for vacuum • Vertical sliding door • Reverse flow system to decontaminate drain lines • Automatic blowdown of boiler • In business since 1980s • Installations: Australia, Vietnam and other industrialized and developing countries

  19. Vacuum Autoclave: Tuttnauer • 15 models with range of capacities: 160 – 4000 l/cycle • Special features: • Hinged or auto vertical sliding doors, single or double • Liquid ring pump for vacuum supplemented by steam ejector and optional HEPA filter for decontamination • Carts with drains; autoclave have built-in cooling coils • Four pre-programmed standard cycles: 2 SW, LW, LW-SW • In business for over 80 years • Installations: Bulgaria, China, Colombia, Cyprus, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Israel, Kenya, Netherlands, Panama, Poland, Russia, Singapore, Slovakia, Turkey, United States, and Vietnam

  20. HYBRID AUTOCLAVES: SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES • Celitron • Ecodas • Ecolotec • Hydroclave • MedFreshe/Narula Group • Medivac Metamizer • Metan • RedBag Solutions • Sazgar • T.E.M. Steriflash and Steri2flash • Tempico Rotoclave

  21. Hybrid Autoclave: Celitron • Tilting vertical autoclave with internal shredder • Capacity: 48 kg per hour (25 minute cycles) • Special features: • Internal blades rotate 300 to 1100 rpm in two directions • Internal spray for cleaning • Automatic tilt for loading and processing (vertical) • Installations: Australia, Germany, Hungary, Mexico, Netherlands and Switzerland

  22. Hybrid Autoclave: Ecodas • Vertical autoclave with internal shredder • 4 models with range of capacities: 30 to 300 kg/hr • Special features: • Autoclave jacket used also for cooling • Vacuum used for drying • Loading door can be on dock level or higher floor • In business for over 20 years • Installations: 50 countries including Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Bosnia, Brazil, China, Cyprus, Ecuador, Egypt, France, French Guiana, French Polynesia, Guadalupe, Honduras, India, Iraq, Iran, Jamaica, Jordan, Kosovo, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Mexico, Morocco, New Caledonia, Nigeria, Panama, Reunion Island, St. Lucia, Syria, Turkmenistan,UAE, and Venezuela.

  23. Hybrid Autoclave: Ecolotec • Tilting autoclave with internal shredder • Capacity: 160 kg per hour (15 minute cycles) • Special features: • Internal knife hammers rotate 1500 to 1750 rpm • Uses injection of superheated steam • Automatic tilt for loading and processing • Exposure time is adjusted in case of a rotary tool failure • Designed in Germany in 1993 • Installations: United States

  24. Hybrid Autoclave: Hydroclave • Autoclave with internal rotating arms • 9 models with range of capacities: 34-1023 kg/hr • Special features: • Different arm designs for fragmenting & mixing • Loading doors at the top or sides near the top • Integrated with conveyors, shredders or compactors • In business since 1994 • Installations: Albania, Argentina, Canada, China, Egypt, Greece, Guyana, India, Iran, Lebanon, Mexico, New Caledonia, Niger, Philippines, Romania, Russia, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Turkey, United Kingdom, and United States

  25. Hybrid Autoclave: NarulaMedFreshe • Tilting autoclave with internal shredder • Capacity: 150 liters and a 15-minute cycle • Special features: • Two sets of blades rotating in two different directions at 300 to 1400 rpm • Three positions: load, process and unload • Treatment plant designed around the treatment unit • In business since 1953, waste unit is more recent • Installations: India and in other countries in Asia and Europe

  26. Hybrid Autoclave: MedivacMetamizer • Autoclave with internal shredder • Capacity: 250 liters at 15-minute cycles, 200 kg/hr • Special features: • Waste circulated through the internal shredder • Automatic RFID scanning and weighing of waste bins • Remote monitoring • In business for 14 years • Installations: Australia, with distribution in Cyprus, India, Greece, Japan, and Russia

  27. Hybrid Autoclave: Metan • Horizontal or vertical autoclave with internal shredder and internal mixer • Range of capacities: 250 to 1000 kg/hr • Special features: • L-shaped design for horizontal model or fully vertical design for the vertical model • Cassette-type two-shaft shredder is in the section just before the autoclave • Autoclaves have internal mixers (mixing wings) • In business since 1998, Akar Machinery (autoclave builder) in business since 1990 • Installations: Turkey

  28. Hybrid Autoclave: Redbag Solutions • Steam treatment with internal maceration • Capacity: 70 kg/hr • Special features: • Internal grinding by circulating through macerator pump impellers • Integrated with a solid-liquid filter separator • Remote monitoring through the Internet • In business since1990s (previously Antaeus) • Installations: United States

  29. Hybrid Autoclave: Sazgar • Steam treatment with internal shredding • 3 models • Range of capacities: 76 to 300 kg/hr • Special features: • Three vacuum cycles and a cooling cycle • Dual-shaft shredder with auto reverse to prevent jamming • Integrated with a solid-liquid filter separator • In business since 1992 • Installations: Iran and other Middle Eastern countries

  30. Hybrid Autoclave: TEM Steriflash • Steam treatment with internal shredding • 2 capacities: 80 and 200 liters/cycle, 43 minute cycle • Special features: • Transparent lid with mechanical arm • Two-shaft shredder, auger press for solid-liquid separation • Bactericide sprayed before waste is placed in hopper • In business since 2002 • Installations: Algeria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, India, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Morocco, Panama, Poland, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, St. Bart, Syria, Tunisia, Ukraine, UAE, UK, Uruguay, and Venezuela.

  31. Hybrid Autoclave: TempicoRotoclave • Rotating autoclave with internal vanes • 8 models with range of capacities: 870 - 14,700+ liter/hr • Special features: • Pre- and post-treatment vacuum using steam ejector • Integrated with bin dumpers, conveyors, shredders • In business since 1990 • Installations: more than 100 in American Samoa, Canada, Latvia, Mexico, United Kingdom, United States and other countries

  32. CONTINUOUS STEAM TREATMENT SYSTEMS: SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES • BioSafe Engineering • Erdwich • LogMed • Miclo

  33. Continuous Steam Treatment: BioSafe Engineering • 6 Models with range of capacities: 140 to 1800 kg/hr • Special features: • Can be installed indoors or outdoors • Internal four-shaft shredder (cassette) and conveying auger • Flash-off section to dry waste, HEPA filter to remove odors • Shredders last up to 1350 tonnes of waste • In business since mid-1990s (formerly ChemClav) • Installations: large commercial plants in Australia, England, Ireland, Northern Ireland, and United States.

  34. Continuous Steam Treatment: ErdwichTwin-Ster • Capacity: 250 kg/hr • Special features: • Shredder with ram, multiple conveying augers, buffer vessel • Double-lock slide gate on jacketed sterilization chamber • Steam treatment (121º-140ºC), double-chamber filter for odors • Erdwich has been making shredders for over 30 years • Installations: Germany

  35. Continuous Steam Treatment: LogMed • 4 models, range of capacities: 100 - 500 kg/hr • Special features: • Shredder, reversible treatment screw with isolation valves • PLC controls temperature, pressure and time • Optional liquid sterilizatioin system • In business since 2004 • Installations: Belgium, England, France, Germany, Luxemburg and Netherlands

  36. Continuous Steam Treatment: Miclo • Several models with range of capacities: 100-500 kg/hr • Special features: • Waste collected in 660 to 1100 liter bins • Shredder and ram, screw with isolation valves, compactor • Treatment at 138ºC and 3.6 bars for 15-18 minutes • 1 hour cycle, 24 hour operation, remote monitoring and diagnostics • In business for 30 years in shredding and compaction • Installations: France and in other countries

  37. BATCH MICROWAVE UNITS: SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES • Meteka • Sintion • Sterifant-Sterival CONTINUOUS MICROWAVE SYSTEMS: SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES • AMB Ecosteryl • Micro-Waste • Sanitec

  38. Batch Microwave: MetekaMedister • 6 models with range of capacities: 8 - 60 liter per cycle • Special features: • Waste collected Meditainer (puncture-proof reusable bin) which are transported on Meditrans (trolleys) and fit directly in the Medister (microwave unit) • Magnetrons convert water into steam inside the bin • In business since 1991 • Installations: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Ecuador, England, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Germany, Greece, Latvia, Lithuania, Malaysia, Montenegro, Nigeria, Philippines, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, and Turkmenistan

  39. Batch Microwave: Sintion • 2 models with capacities 42 and 103 liters per cycle or 20 liters per hour and 210 liters per hour • Special features: • Top loading, one bag at a time, small compact units • Optional shredder • In business since 1995 • Installations: over 100 units in Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Greece, Lithuania, Serbia in Asia, other countries in Europe, Central and South America.

  40. Batch Microwave: Sterifant-Sterival • Modular design; each module treats 60 liters/half hour • Special features: • Waste bins with clamp rings, reusable 100-200 times • 2 liters of water injected into each bin • After microwaving to 136ºC, waste is shredded and compacted and deodorizer is added • 10 modules can fit in a truck for mobile treatment • In business since 1995 • Installations: 27 units in Europe, 10 in South America and 6 in Asia; including France, Germany, Hungary, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Portugal and the UK

  41. Continuous Microwave: AMB Ecosteryl • 3 models, range of capacities from 100 to 300 kg/hr • Special features: • Screw with 6 magnetrons, holding tank • 4-shaft shredder cuts pieces to less than 20 mm sizes • 660 to 770 liter waste bins • In business since 1947; microwave units since 2006 • Installations: Belgium, France and other European countries, the Maghreb countries (North Africa), South Africa, South America and Russia, overseas French territories, the Middle East and Asia

  42. Continuous Microwave: Micro-Waste • 2 models: one has thicker shredder cutters, larger size screen, and no holding section • Capacity: 800 kg/hr • Special features: • Self-contained, all-weather enclosure • Six or eight magnetrons • Similar to Sanitec microwave • In business since 1989, began as company to service and maintain Sanitec • Installations: United States

  43. Continuous Microwave: Sanitec • 2 original models; smaller unit no longer made • Capacity: 810 kg/hr • Special features: • Self-contained, all weather enclosure • Six magnetrons • Originally ABB Sanitec in late 1980s, Sanitec sinc 1990 • Installations: Brazil, Philippines, S. Korea, United States, and other countries

  44. FRICTIONAL HEATING SYSTEMS: SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES • Newster • OMPeco DRY HEAT UNITS: SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES • Demolizer • Sterigerms

  45. Frictional Heating: Newster • 2 models: 15 kg/hr and 30 kg/hr • Special features: • High-speed rotors at 1300 to 2800 rpm • Hypochlorite added; frictional heating forms steam • Waste heated between 135º and 150ºC, dry superheat • In business since 1996 • Installations: about 223 units in Albania, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Brazil, Bulgaria, Croatia, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Estonia, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, Paraguay, Poland Romania, Russia, and Tunisia

  46. Frictional Heating: OMPeco • 6 models • Range of capacities: 10 to 1500 kg/hr, 30 minute cycle • Special features: • High-speed rotors at the bottom of the vessel • Waste heated to 151ºC, dry superheat • In business since 1973, frictional heating since 2001 • Installations: 62 OMPeco Converter units in operation in Bosnia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Croatia, France, Italy, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Netherlands, Romania, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, and Venezuela

  47. Dry Heating: Demolizer • Small desktop unit for clinics, doctor’s office, dentists • Capacity: 3.8 liters per cycle, 2.5 hour cycle • Special features: • Disposable container with plastic lid that melts • Heated without steam to over 177ºC • Confirmation label printed and affixed to container • DOCC since 1990s, acquired by BMTS in 2005 • Installations: United States and India

  48. Dry Heating: Sterigerms • 2 models, capacities of 12 & 60 liters per 55-min cycle • Special features: • Waste in disposable bags heated to 150ºC for 20 min • Piston compacts the waste into a compressed disk • In business since 2004 • Installations: France and other European countries, also used by the Navy

  49. MEDICAL WASTE INCINERATORS: SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES • Advanced Combustion Systems • ATI Incinerateurs Muller • BIC systems • Consutech • Hafner • Incinco • Kureha • Pennram • Techtrol/Incol • Plantec

  50. Incinerators: Advanced Combustion Systems • Modular, dual-chamber, controlled air incinerator • 10 models; range of capacities: 110 to 910 kg/hr • Special features: • Ram feeder, monolithic refractory liner, air injection • Two-stage quencher, absorber, entrainment separator, wet ESP, heat recovery boiler, venturi scrubber, activated carbon • Dioxins down to 0.0023 ng TEQ/dsfcm • In business since 1973 • Installations: Afghanistan, Canada, Iraq, Lebanon, Mexico, Saipan, United States, and other countries

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