Student Group Presentations

1. Student Group Presentations Puritan New England

2. What the women and men worn in Salem • The pilgrims and the Puritans wore homespun clothes. • Fine clothes wore by the upper classes.

3. How their clothing support their religious views? • They wore colonial times clothes

4. Types of homes that probably existed in Salem? What is palisade? • Their homes were simple, it was 16 feet long and 14 feet wide cottages. • The walls were rough-hewn timber, the roof was sloped to shed the snow, and was thatched with long tough grass.

5. Puritan Meal • Families couldn’t go to the super market to buy their food and meat. • Hunting and fishing p0rovided meat and fish which could be eaten fresh or, more often, salted or smoked for later use. • Vegetables were raised and canned for winter and eventually, fruits were grown in orchards and preserved as jam or used for pies. • It was difficult to keep fresh food because there was no electricity for refrigerators or freezers.

6. Puritanism and government Emily, Cora, Tanner and Matt

7. Basic puritan beliefs • They wanted to purify their national church by eliminating every shred of catholic influence. • The puritans believed that human kind was utterly dependent upon God for salvation.

8. Puritan beliefs continued! • Puritans believed that the church should be organized by scripture. • They stand with the early Franciscans, the protestant reformers, the Jesuits, the Anabaptist, the early Methodist, and the reformed Dutch of the late nineteenth century who, in their own separate ways, were transfixed by the glories of redemption and who went far in redeeming the world around them.

9. Predestination • Predestination is the belief held by Calvinists that God has already decided even before their birth the people who will go to heaven and those who will go to hell.

10. Views of other faiths • Puritans were intolerant • If you didn’t agree with their views you were killed slowly and painfully

11. Why the new world? Those in England who felt the strongest need to “purify” the Anglican church.

12. Maleficium and theological witchcraft. • Maleficium- waste, damage, torts, injury. • Theological witchcraft- Wicca is a recognized belief system of pagans

13. The early legal concepts of witchcraft. Did you know that in 1692, in the town of Salem 24 people were killed after being tried as witches? Hundreds of other also got accused for witchcraft, but seemed to get out of it. Salem

14. Most considered witches The widespread belief that witches targeted children. Dogs were believed to be used by witches as agents to carry out their devilish commands.

15. Property ownership Salem Village farming families were believed to be too individualistic. That created suspicion among others.

16. Ergotism • Ergotism was accompanied with fatigue, cold/tingling sensations, and much more. People with this form of ergotism perform strange dancing with lots of jumping and screaming, usually ending with exhaustion.

17. Stress and clinical hysteria They were accused of being witches which resulted in them being imprisoned. 19 were also executed.

18. Forms of witchcraft • There are stores where you can take classes in spell casting and buy the stones, caldrons, crystals, swords, wands and other tools of the Craft.

19. Treatment for modern day witches • They are often mocked for the practice they believe in.

20. Questions • 1. Do you think there are people you know who practice witchcraft? • 2.Do you think that people should have been prosecuted for the practice of witchcraft? • 3.Do you think witchcraft should be looked down upon?

21. The Salem Witch Trails Devon Moats, Brittney Mills, Jeff Hoffman, John Howardbee

22. what happened to the Salem witch trail on October 8 1692? Governor Phipps orders that spectral evidence no longer be admitted in witchcraft trials.

23. Giles life. • Giles Corey was a farmer and full member of the church. He lived in Salem village. •   In April of 1692, he was accused by Ann Putnam, Jr., Mercy Lewis, and Abigail Williams of witchcraft. • Ann Putnam claimed that on April 13 the specter of Giles Corey visited her and asked her to write in the Devil's book. • Because Giles wouldn’t stand for trial his penalty was to be crushed by heavy stones.

24. Martha Corey’s life • Martha was known throughout Salem to be a religious person. • She had a reputation for being opinionated and outspoken. • She was against the witch trials. • She never confessed to being a witch, nor did she believe in them.

25. John Procter • John was a native of Ipswich, Massachusetts and moved to Salem Town in 1666. • He was a wealthy landowner and owned a tavern on Ipswich Road. • He was known to be very outspoken and to have a hot temper--traits which did not help him during the trials. • At his execution, he pleaded for more time because he was not fit to die (he felt he had not made peace yet with others and God.)

26. Sarah Osbourne • Born in Watertown, Massachusetts in about 1643, Sarah Warren married Robert Prince. • Sarah was accused by Thomas and Edward Putnam. • Osborne never confessed to witchcraft nor attempted to accuse anyone else. • Osborne never confessed to witchcraft nor attempted to accuse anyone else.

27. What caused Ann Putnam to think that Rebecca Nurse was a witch? • Ann Putnam’s daughter having a fit which made her to believe that Rebecca Nurse was a witch.

28. Thomas Putnam • Thomas Putnam was the eldest son of the richest man in the village. • He attempted to break his fathers will. • Ever public cause he forced, he failed.

29. Group 5 20thCentury Witch-hunts By: Ty Schulte, Rene Torres, Monica Redman

30. Witch Hunt • Accusing, torturing and executing thousands of people. • The European Witch Craze started roughly during conclusion of the 15th century and peaked during the first half of the seventeenth century. The belief that women were sinful and had the power of the devil within them developed out of the Middle Ages. The Reformation further promoted the idea of a satanic kingdom of evil on earth with which to justify persecutions.

31. Joseph McCarthy • He was an us senator from Wisconsin and investigated communism. • Because of McCarthy bullied, threatened, and abused witnesses while he accused them of communist sympathies. • Many people believed McCarthy because of the Korean war. • McCarthy Investigated “Communist” involvement in the film industry, education, union, and the government.

33. Hawthorne's early life and family! • Born July 4, 1804 in Salem, Mass. • Father was captain in U.S. Navy but died when he was 4 • His ancestors were some of the 1st puritans to settle in New England • Grandfather was a “judge” during the 1692 Salem witch trials • Married fellow transcendentalist Sophia Peabody • A transcendentalist’s philosophy emphasizes the intuitive and spiritual need above empirical

34. Hawthorne's early life and family (cont.) • Had 3 children Una, Rose, & Julian • Worked in Salem Custom House • His daughter Julia was also a writer

35. Influence From Puritan Heritage! • His writing was influenced due to his families history as puritans coming to the new world from England; because they believed the English reformation had gone to far • They wanted to purify their national church by eliminating every shred of catholic influence

36. Understanding Puritan Beliefs • In addition to believing in the absolute sovereignty of God, all men are sinful, it is up to God to forgive them (there was nothing they could do in order for them to be saved, up to God.) • Convictions 1) personal salvation came entirely from God 2) Bible provides guide to life 3) Church should reflect and express teachings of scripture 4) Their society was 1 unified whole

37. Common Themes! • Mysteriousness • Disturbing • Witches • Salem • Alienation • Initiation • Pride • Italian Background

38. Feelings About Woman Writers • His Middle daughter was a author • Thought woman's writings were trash and worthless • "America is now wholly given over to a d****d mob of scribbling women, and I should have no chance of success while the public taste is occupied with their trash--and should be ashamed of myself if I did succeed.”

39. The End

40. Arthur Miller Bobbi, David, Alexis, Rachel

41. Arthur’s early life. • He was born in 1915 in new York city. • He lived through the great depression. • He was shaped by the poverty that surrounded him. • After he graduated high school he went to work at a warehouse so that he could earn enough money for university of Michigan.

42. Achievements and awards. • “All my sons” won the new York drama critics circle award as the best play of 1947. • “death of a salesman” was his most enduring success. • All my sons and the man who had all the luck form a thematic trilogy of plays about love triangles involving fathers and sons.

43. Miller’s appearance • He refused to name people he allegedly saw at a communist writers meeting a decade before. • He was convicted of contempt. He later won an appeal.

44. Millers conscience • Because he couldn’t write much about anything.