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Elimination of Wastes

Elimination of Wastes. Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogenous Wastes. Carbon Dioxide. Produced by the metabolism of foods by our cells Pathway of CO 2 in the body Diffuses from the cells into the blood Is carried by the plasma and RBC to the lungs Diffuses from the blood into the lungs

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Elimination of Wastes

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  1. Elimination of Wastes Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogenous Wastes

  2. Carbon Dioxide • Produced by the metabolism of foods by our cells • Pathway of CO2 in the body • Diffuses from the cells into the blood • Is carried by the plasma and RBC to the lungs • Diffuses from the blood into the lungs • Leaves the body

  3. The lungs have two major roles in the body • Remove carbon dioxide • Replenished oxygen • Their ability to do these two important functions are affected by: • Being overweight • Poor physical health • Tobacco or drug use

  4. Respiratory Rate • Your respiratory rate will vary depending on your level of physical activity • The rate slows when you are at rest • It speeds up when you are active and the body needs more oxygen brought in AND needs more carbon dioxide removed

  5. Cellular respiration, carbon dioxide level and respiratory rate during strenuous exercise: • Increased demand for energy • Cells metabolize nutrients faster (waste product is CO2) • More carbon dioxide will be produced by the cells and this will enter the blood.

  6. 4. The medulla oblongata will detect the higher levels of CO2 in the blood and it will tell the chest cavity to increase respiration 5. The CO2 will be expelled from the lungs at a rate that is proportional to its concentration in the blood (heavy breathing)

  7. It is the increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood that increases your respiratory rate NOT the lack of oxygen. Review Questions page 208:1 to 8

  8. Renal Excretory System • Removes nitrogenous waste from the blood • These waste are produced when protein is broken down by the body • A small amount of the nitrogenous waste will be excreted from the body by sweating.

  9. Parts of the Renal Excretory System • The kidneys • The bladder • The ureters • The urethra

  10. Function of the Kidneys • The kidneys filter the blood • The main functional unit (where the work is done) is the nephron • Each kidney has nearly one million nephrons • The nephrons are in the outer layer of the kidney

  11. Blood enters the kidney by the renal artery. • The kidney removes wastes and any other substances in excess in the blood • The wastes leave the kidneys through the ureters • Purified blood leaves the kidney by the renal vein.

  12. Stats about your kidneys: • Filter 180 litres of blood per day • Produce 1 to 1.5 litres of urine • Some of the water removed by the kidneys will be reabsorbed in the renal veins. This is to counter water lose through sweating.

  13. Substances removed by the kidneys: • Water • Urea • Uric acid • Minerals • Yellow pigments

  14. The following are not normally removed by your kidneys and are a sign of trouble: • Glucose • Red blood cells • Protein See your doctor!!!!

  15. Normal components of purified blood: • RBC • WBC • Platelets • Lipids • Carbs • Protein • Water and minerals

  16. Path of Nitrogenous Wastes: • Produced by the cells as protein is metabolized • Passed into the bloodstream • Taken to the kidneys and removed from the blood • Ureters carry urine from kidneys to bladder • Travel from the bladder through the urethra and out of the body

  17. Factors Affecting the Quantity of Urine • The amount of water intake • The type of food eaten • The amount of water lost by perspiration

  18. Page 215 Questions 1 to 7 • Page 218-220 Questions 1 to 8 • Worksheets – Complete all sections

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