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Ch. 1.2- Earth Systems

Ch. 1.2- Earth Systems. Target #10- I can identify how an earth system is described. A system is an organized group of related objects or components that interact to create a whole The operation of an Earth system is a result of interaction between the two most basic components of the universe

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Ch. 1.2- Earth Systems

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  1. Ch. 1.2- Earth Systems

  2. Target #10- I can identify how an earth system is described • A system is an organized group of related objects or components that interact to create a whole • The operation of an Earth system is a result of interaction between the two most basic components of the universe • Matter & energy

  3. Matter & energy can be transferred • A system is described by the way energy is transferred within one system or between systems • Transfers are commonly accompanied by changes in the physical or chemical properties of matter Target #10- cont.

  4. Target #11- I can contrast an open and closed system • Open System • Both matter and energy are exchanged with the surroundings • Examples • Lake • Water enters the lake through rain and streams • Water exits through evaporation • Sunlight and air exchange heat • Closed System • Energy, but not matter, is exchanged with the surroundings • Example • Closed Jar • Light and heat can be exchanged through the jars sides • Matter can not exit or enter the system • Earth is mostly a closed system

  5. Target #12- I can list the 4 major spheres of Earth • The physical environment of Earth is traditionally broken into four major spheres • Hydrosphere • Atmosphere • Geosphere • Biosphere • Our environment is characterized by the continuous interactions of these spheres

  6. Target #13- I can describe the 4 spheres of Earth • Hydrosphere • Includes all of the water found on Earth • Surface & groundwater • 97% is salt water • 3% is fresh water • Only 1% of all fresh water is available for drinking • Streams, glaciers, and groundwater are responsible for supporting life and creating many of Earth’s physical features

  7. Atmosphere • A thin gaseous “envelop” surrounding Earth • If Earth were an apple, the atmosphere would be the skin • Most air is close to the surface • Extends up to 800 miles • The last 400 miles interact with space • Function • Provides the air we breathe • 78% nitrogen • 21% oxygen • 1%- argon, water vapor, methane, carbon dioxide • Exchanges energy between the surface and space Target #13- cont.

  8. Target #13- cont. • Geosphere • Includes all of the land found above and below the ocean • Not a uniform structure • Divided by composition • Crust, Mantle, Core • Layers are fluid, or move freely.

  9. Biosphere • Made up of all life forms • Zone of life extends from the ocean floor upward • Can go as high as several thousand feet above sea level • Organisms help maintain and alter their physical environment Target #13- cont.

  10. Identifying Relationships For each of Earth’s four spheres, describe one way that the water cycle affects the sphere.

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