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The Hittites The Assyrians & The Persians

The Hittites The Assyrians & The Persians. Hittite Empire. Hattusas. Hattusas: Capital of the Hittites. Hattusas – Lion’s Gate. Hittite Chariots & Warriors. Hittite Writing. A Balance of Power: 1200 B. C. E. The Battle of Kadesh. Ramses II at Kadesh. Treaty of Kadesh. The

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The Hittites The Assyrians & The Persians

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  1. The Hittites The Assyrians & The Persians

  2. Hittite Empire

  3. Hattusas

  4. Hattusas: Capital of the Hittites

  5. Hattusas – Lion’s Gate

  6. Hittite Chariots & Warriors

  7. Hittite Writing

  8. A Balance of Power: 1200 B. C. E.

  9. The Battle of Kadesh Ramses II at Kadesh Treaty of Kadesh

  10. The Phoenicians: Transmitters of Civilizations

  11. Phoenician Sea Routes

  12. A Phoenician Bireme Ship

  13. The “Royal Purple” Dye

  14. Phoenician City of Byblos:“Home of the Alphabet”

  15. Phoenician Alphabet

  16. Carthage: Phoenicia’s Mightiest Colony

  17. The Assyrian Empire

  18. The Assyrian Empire

  19. Assyrian Empire • Semetic- speaking • Used iron weapons • Ashurbanipal was strongest ruler • After death it disintegrated • Had a communication system set up • Longest time it took was 1 week for communication to and back

  20. Farming is most important in economy • Trade is second most important- trading metals • Saw selves as protector of sumerian and Babylonian cultures

  21. Why could they conquer… • Effective military leaders and fighters • Huge number of troops • Well organized and disciplined • Had infantry, cavalry and chariots • Used terror- treated prisoners with no mercy

  22. Assyrian Military Power Assyrian soldiers carrying away the enemy’s gods.

  23. Jewish Captives: 8c BCE

  24. Babylon under the Chaldeans

  25. Chaldeans • Took over after Assyrians • Most famous king- Nebuchadnezzar– rebuilt Babylon

  26. Nebuchadnezzar II’s Babylon

  27. The Ishtar Gate • It was located near the Hanging Gardens and decorated with reliefs of various creatures, including dragons and bulls.

  28. Ishtar Gate

  29. Hanging Gardensof Babylon?

  30. The gods that ruled the universe were equated with one of the planets. • Ishtar (goddess of life, fertility, sexual love, and war), for example, was equated with the planet Venus.

  31. great skills in astronomy • used the movement and positions of the planets and stars to predict the plan of the gods (the future). • Astronomy was also utilized to create a method of time • a seven-day week, • days comprised of twelve 120-minute hours.

  32. Israelites in Captivity

  33. The Persian Empire

  34. The Persian Empire

  35. Cyrus the Great • A tolerant ruler  he allowed different cultures within his empire to keep their own institutions. • The Greeks called him a “Law-Giver.” • The Jews called him “the anointed of the Lord.” (In 537, he allowed over 40,000 to return to Palestine). 580 – 529 B. C. E.

  36. Darius the Great(526 – 485 B. C. E.) • Built Persepolis. • He extended the Persian Empire to the Indus River in northern India. (2 mil. s.q. mi.) • Built a canal in Egypt.

  37. Darius the Great(526 – 485 B. C. E.) • Established a tax-collecting system. • Divided the empire into districts called SATRAPIES. • Built the great Royal Road system. • Established a complex postal system. • Created a network of spies called “the King’s eyes and ears.”

  38. Ancient Persepolis

  39. Persepolis

  40. The People of Persepolis

  41. Persian “Royal Road”

  42. Persian Archers & Soldiers

  43. Zarathustra [Zoroaster], 6c BCE:Good Thoughts, Good Deed, Good Words “Tree of Life”

  44. Extent of Zoroastrianism

  45. Dualistic Battle of Good vs. Evil Ahura Mazda“Holy Spirit” Ahriman“Destructive Spirit”

  46. Zend-Avesta(The “Book of Law”) The “Sacred Fire”  the force to fight evil.

  47. Alexander the Great & the Hellenization of the Near East

  48. The Great Library at Alexandria.Egypt

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