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Changing Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy

Changing Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy. Maternal Diet and Infant Health. Recommended weight gain 1# month 1 st Trimester 1# week 2 nd and 3 rd Trimester Excessive > 6-7# month or <2-3# Sudden increase suggests fluid retention Components of healthy nutrition

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Changing Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy

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  1. Changing Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy

  2. Maternal Diet and Infant Health • Recommended weight gain • 1# month 1st Trimester • 1# week 2nd and 3rd Trimester • Excessive > 6-7# month or <2-3# • Sudden increase suggests fluid retention • Components of healthy nutrition • Calorie needs: 2500 Calories • Protein needs: increased • Fat needs • Vitamin needs: Folic Acid, Vitamin B (Neural Tube Defects)

  3. Maternal Diet and Infant Health • Components of healthy nutrition • Mineral needs • Calcium and phosphorus • Iodine • Iron • Fluoride • Sodium • Zinc

  4. Maternal Diet and Infant Health • Components of healthy nutrition • Fluid needs • Fiber needs • Foods to avoid • Alcohol • Caffeine • Artificial sweeteners • Weight loss diets

  5. Assessment: Nutritional Health

  6. Assessment: Nutritional Health

  7. Promoting Nutritional Health • Nutritional Outcomes • Family considerations • Financial considerations • Cultural considerations

  8. Promoting Nutritional Health • Common problems • Nausea and vomiting • Cravings • Pica • Pyrosis: heartburn • Hypercholesterolemia

  9. Promoting Nutritional Health • Special needs pregnancy • Adolescent • Over age 40 • Decreased nutritional stores • Underweight • Overweight • Vegetarian

  10. Nutritional Health with Special needs pregnancy • Adolescent • 40 years old • Decrease nutrional stores • Underweight / Overweight / Obese • Phenylketonuria • Multiple Pregnancy • Smoker / Alcohol • Concurrent Health problems • Too many fast-food meals • Lactose intolerance • Hyperemesis Gravidarum

  11. Special needs pregnancy • Hyperemesis gravidarum • Severe nausea and vomiting: prolonged past 12 weeks • Severe dehydration: ketones, weight loss • Increased thyroid function and HCG • Usually with stress or poor coping • Unable to maintain usual nutrition • Therapeutic management

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