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Chapter Twelve

Chapter Twelve. The Noble Profession. What Is a Professional?. There are four generally accepted features of all professions: A specialized body of knowledge A rigorous and extended course of study that leads to licensure

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Chapter Twelve

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  1. Chapter Twelve The Noble Profession

  2. What Is a Professional? There are four generally accepted features of all professions: • A specialized body of knowledge • A rigorous and extended course of study that leads to licensure • Training that allows individuals to make complex decisions often without the consultation of others • A set of ethical standards of conduct

  3. A Body of Specialized Knowledge • Knowledge of our content area • General pedagogical knowledge • Knowledge of the nature of learning

  4. Course of Study That Leads to Licensure A balanced curriculum of colleges, schools and departments of education including: • General education courses • Specialty courses in your content area • Professional courses • Education field experiences or internships • Student teaching or clinical experience • Praxis exams

  5. The Ability to Make Autonomous Decisions Teachers make over a thousand decisions in a typical day, including: • Determining disciplinary strategies • Selecting the appropriate instructional methods • Explaining an evaluation decision to a parent • And many others!

  6. Ethical Practices • The teaching profession embraces a clear set of ethical practices • Many of these are outlined by the NEA and the AFT

  7. The New Accountability: The Praxis Examinations • The Praxis exams were formally introduced in 1992 • These exams represent a new generation of teacher assessment • The exam series has three primary components – Praxis I, II and III.

  8. Praxis I • Designed to measure your academic skills and focuses on reading, writing, and mathematics. • Typically you will take the Praxis I during your sophomore year • This exam is administered as a paper and pencil exam (PPST) or in a computer-based format (CBT). • Used as a criterion to formally enter the teacher education program.

  9. Praxis II • Consists of two components: the PLT and Specialty Exams • Principles of Learning and Teaching (PLT) - assesses your pedagogical knowledge derived from courses such as Educational Foundations • The Specialty Exam - measures your knowledge of an area of expertise such as Special Education, or K-12 Art. It has a traditional, multiple-choice section and a “constructed response” component.

  10. Praxis III • This is not an exam, but rather an evaluation of your performance in the classroom as a teacher. • You will be evaluated on the basis of criteria that represent the four domains of practice. These include: • Organizing Content Knowledge for Student Learning • Creating an environment for Student Learning • Teaching for Student Learning • Teacher Professionalism

  11. Professional Support Networks for Teachers • We have a vast network of professional organizations at the local, state, regional and national level • These networks provide you with professional information, support, consultation, comradery, and even job protection

  12. School Support Staff • Nurses • Counselors • Secretaries • Fellow teachers • School Psychologist • Speech and Hearing Therapists • Reading Specialists • Special Education Teachers • School Social Workers • Administrators

  13. Professional Organizations • Specialty organizations • Child Centered • Subject Centered • International organizations • National teacher organizations and unions

  14. Specialty Organizations: Child Centered - Examples • Association for Childhood Education International (ACEI) www.acei.org • National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) www.naeyc.org • National Middle School Association (NMSA) www.nmsa.org • Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) www.cec.org

  15. Specialty Organizations: Subject Centered - Examples • International Reading Association (IRA) www.reading.org • National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) www.ncss.org • National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) www.ncte.org • National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) www.nctm.org • National Science Teachers Association (NSTA) www.nsta.org • American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) www.actfl.org • American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) www.aahperd.org • Music Teachers National Association (MTNA) www.mtna.org • National Art Education Association (NAEA) www.naea.org

  16. International Organizations • Perhaps the best known of these is Phi Delta Kappa International (PDK). • PDK is an “umbrella” organization that publishes a wide array of professional materials • Phi Delta KappanJournal • News, Notes and Quotes • Sponsors grants, awards, workshops, educational meetings and trips

  17. National Teacher Organizations and Unions • There are two large teacher organizations • NEA (National Teacher organization) • AFT (American Federation of Teachers)

  18. National Education Association • The oldest and largest teacher organization • Organized as the National Teachers Association in 1857, it became the NEA in 1886 • Boasts a membership of about 2.3 million teachers • Encourages students to join the organization with membership in the student NEA (SEA)

  19. NEA Initiatives • Legislative Action Center - you can read about current pending legislation that effects education. • Publications - NEA Today, Thought & Action, Higher Education Advocate, The NEA Almanac of Higher Education, Tomorrow’s Teachers, This Active Life, Education Statistics • Events - This section describes upcoming events, such as the national meeting for the NEA, state meetings, etc.

  20. NEA Initiatives (Continued) • NEA Read Across America - This project, with the IRA (International Reading Association) is celebrated on Dr. Seuss’s birthday. Teachers and others read aloud to children on this day. • Help for Parents -Through the NEA website, www.nea.org parents can get ideas on how they can help their children learn in school. • Online resource for educators.

  21. NEA – Student Membership • Publications - NEA Today – monthly newspaper, Tomorrow’s Teachers – annual magazine for students • Current research • Workshops and Conferences • Leadership training • Guidance for teaching diverse students • Opportunities for networking

  22. American Federation of Teachers (AFT) • The American Federation of Teachers, AFT is proud of its status as a labor organization • It was founded in 1916 with John Dewey as the organization’s first official member • It plays an important role in fighting for higher wages and better working conditions for all teachers

  23. AFT Initiatives • Meetings and Conferences • Legislative Action Center - allows you to link to pending legislation that effects education and has links to legislators. • Publications • Inside the AFT • American Educator • Public Service Reporter • American Teacher

  24. AFT Initiatives (Continued) • The Parent Page - provides assistance for parents who want to help their children with schoolwork and other helpful sites. • Web Resources & Local Web Sites - links to resources that are valuable for educators. • Teacher Salary Survey - gives comparative information regarding teacher salaries.

  25. Professional Folios and Portfolios • Professional folios and portfolios have become an important part of the evaluation process. • The foliois a collection of all the documents, products and information that demonstrate your professional development. • The professional portfolio is a specialized selection of folio materials that will highlight your professional development.

  26. Portfolio Contents • Philosophy of Education Statement • Resume • Photographs of your school, students, classroom, projects, etc. • Lesson Plans (five or more and include one that uses technology) • Samples of student work for each lesson plan • Reflections on each lesson plan

  27. Portfolio Contents (Continued) • Student Teacher Forms: i.e., Student Teacher Responsibility Sheets, Student Time Records • Evaluations of your teaching performance from your cooperating teacher and college supervisor • Other activities that you participated in such as faculty meetings, PTA, etc. • Video tapes of lessons

  28. Creating Your Folio • Background and Experiences • Awards and Recognitions • Teaching Performance • Student Outcomes

  29. Life-long Learning • Professional development is a long-term process. • It involves years of formal education, clinical experiences (student teaching), and evaluation of your progress. • In addition it requires lifelong learning at the university level, in the classroom and through the process of self-reflection through journaling.

  30. Your Professional Journal • A reflective journal is both the process and the product of recording your experiences and insights. • Your reflective journal can help you understand more fully your professional development. • As part of your teacher education program you may be required to begin a reflective journal.

  31. Getting Your First Teaching Position • Prepare your resume and professional portfolio. • Attend job fairs offered by your college or other universities in your area. • Make contacts in your student teaching school.

  32. Interviewing Tips • Relax but focus on the interview, write a thank you note later that evening. • Smile and be polite but don’t gush. • Make eye contact but do not stare at the interviewer. • Shake hands firmly at the beginning and end of the interview. • Be positive about your student teaching experience and your school, do not criticize or be negative. • Put a positive “spin” on previous experiences and work relationships. • Answer all questions in a positive manner.

  33. Interviewing Tips (Continued) • Be prepared to discuss your “philosophy of education.” Practice you answer and even role play with a fellow student. • Be ready to discuss how you would handle discipline in the classroom. Focus on “preventative discipline.” • Understand the important issues in education such as “phonics” or how you might use technology for instruction. • “Think on your feet.” You may be asked a personal question that you were not expecting.

  34. National Board Certification - NBPTS • The pinnacle achievement in our profession is National Board Certification • There are five “core propositions” upon which the overall NBPTS assessment is based • Commitment to students • Knowledge of their subject matter • Effective classroom management skills • Systematic instructional practices • Direct membership in the learning community

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