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What is Culture?

What is Culture?.  Culture is the sum of the knowledge, values, beliefs and attitudes shared by a particular society and a group of people. Culture includes:. Characteristics of Culture. Culture is omnipresent; Culture is different; Culture is dynamic;

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What is Culture?

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  1. What is Culture? Culture is the sum of the knowledge, values, beliefs and attitudes shared by a particular society and a group of people. Culture includes:

  2. Characteristics of Culture • Culture is omnipresent; • Culture is different; • Culture is dynamic; • Culture is never wrong or right. • Cultural aware • Cultural tolerant • Cultural adaptive

  3. Christianity Shinto Islam Religion Judaism Hinduism Confucianism Buddhism

  4. Behavior Speech Manners and Customs Dress Folk Customs Popular Customs

  5. Aesthetics • Music • Painting • Dance • Drama • Architecture

  6. Identification and Dynamics of Cultures • The nation as a point of reference • Cultural formation and dynamics

  7. Identification and Dynamics of Cultures (cont.) • Language as a cultural stabilizer • Religion as a cultural stabilizer

  8. Cultural Context • Low-Context Culture: Communication depends on explicit, verbally expressed vehicles, such as contract, reports, and other written documents. So, people get down to business quickly. • High-Context Culture: Communication depends on implicit and nonverbal aspects such as metaphor, hinting, and personal relationship. So, business processes are lengthy.

  9. Hofstede’s Cultural Typology PDI- Power Distance Index • This refers to the degree to which power differences are accepted and sanctioned by society.

  10. IDV - Individualism • This refers to the degree to which individual decision making and action are accepted and encouraged by society.

  11. MAS - Masculinity • This refers to the degree to which traditional male values are important to society.

  12. UAI - Uncertainty Avoidance Index • This refers to the degree to which society is willing to accept and deal with uncertainty.

  13. Long-term Orientation • This concerns a society’s search for virtue, rather than a search for truth. It assesses the sense of immediacy within a culture, whether gratification should be immediate or deferred.

  14. Cultural Awareness • Problems that hinder cultural awareness • Cultural awareness can be improved • Company’s need for cultural knowledge increases as it

  15. Strategies for Instituting Change • Value system • Cost benefit of change • Resistance to too much change • Participation

  16. Strategies for Instituting Change (cont.) • Reward sharing • Opinion leaders • Timing • Learning abroad

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