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Cognitive Psychology

Input. Processing. Output. Storage. Cognitive Psychology. www.psychlotron.org.uk. Study of thinking processes Based on computer metaphor i.e. we try to understand the mind by comparing it to a computer:. Memory. www.psychlotron.org.uk. How many different memory stores do people have?

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Cognitive Psychology

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  1. Input Processing Output Storage Cognitive Psychology www.psychlotron.org.uk • Study of thinking processes • Based on computer metaphor i.e. we try to understand the mind by comparing it to a computer:

  2. Memory www.psychlotron.org.uk • How many different memory stores do people have? • How do they differ from each other?

  3. Glanzer & Cunitz (1966) www.psychlotron.org.uk • Serial position experiment • PPs hear a list of words. Asked to recall them in any order (free recall) • Cond 1: immediate free recall • Cond 2: free recall after interference task • To obtain results, plotted position of each word in the list against how many of the PPs recalled it

  4. Primacy Effect: LTM Recency Effect: STM Without interference task With interference task Glanzer & Cunitz (1966) www.psychlotron.org.uk % recall by PPs Position in word list

  5. Glanzer & Cunitz (1966) www.psychlotron.org.uk • Results: • PPs recalled more words at beginning (primacy) and end (recency) of the list • The interference task removed the recency but not the primacy effect • Implies that primacy words were stored somewhere different to recency words • We have two separate memory stores

  6. STM & LTM www.psychlotron.org.uk • STM and LTM differ in a number of ways including: • Function (what they are used for) • Capacity (how much info they can hold) • Duration (how long info can be held for) • Encoding (the form in which info is stored) • Forgetting (how info is lost from storage)

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