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Dada & Surrealism

Dada & Surrealism. By: Katherine Anderson. DADA. WHEN: 1916, six years long WHERE: Founded in Zurich Spread to France, Germany, US WHAT: No longer trust reason, ration, and organization Idea of nonsense. Dada: What was going on during this time?. 1914: WW1 ended 1916:

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Dada & Surrealism

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  1. Dada & Surrealism By: Katherine Anderson

  2. DADA • WHEN: 1916, six years long • WHERE: Founded in Zurich • Spread to France, Germany, US • WHAT: No longer trust reason, ration, and organization • Idea of nonsense

  3. Dada: What was going on during this time? • 1914: • WW1 ended • 1916: • 20th anniversary of the Boston Marathon • Albert Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity was presented

  4. Main Big Ideas • Dada is a nonsense word that plays with the nonsense of their concept • Protest and response to the madness of “the war to end all wars” • European avant-garde* • *Avant-garde: a French word that refers to people or works that are experimental, leading-edge and innovative, mainly in regards to art, culture, and politics; unconventional, forward thinking • Start of readymade art • Collaging • Playing with the idea of chance • “Main strategy was to denounce and shock” • “We spoke of Dada as a crusade that would win back the promised land of the Creative” – Jean Arp

  5. Main Artists • MarchelDuchamp • Jean Arp • Kurt Schwitters

  6. Marcel duchamp • 1887- 1968 (aged 81) • French • Created the readymade • Readymade: found objects in a new light • “Duchamp’s readymades opened the flood gates for art that was purely imaginary rather than merely ‘retinal’. He changed the concept of what constitutes art” • He also deals with the idea of appropriation  • Mustache on the Mona Lisa?????

  7. Duchamp, “fountain” • 1917 • Photographed by Alfred Stieglitz • A urinal placed upside down and the photographed • Art is in the thought and not the final product • interruptions includes: • “Art is something to piss on” • The idea that by placing this upside down a male objects now suggests the female reproductive organs/area

  8. Burning question DO YOU VIEW READYMADES AS ART?

  9. Jean arp • 1886 – 1966 (aged 79) • Stunned the irrational • Ripped up drawings and dropped them out the floor • Made “chance” collages • Liked the aimless patterns the scrapes created

  10. KURT schwitters • 1887-1948 (aged 61) • German • Used discarded junk like… • Bus tickets • Buttons • Shreds of paper • He called is assemblages “merz” • Used “non art” materials to “avoid any reminder of the paintings which seems to us to be characteristic of a pretentious, self-satisfied world”

  11. By 1922….. Since dada was “against everything, even Dada”.. It dissolved into anarchy AND out of it came…..

  12. Surrealism • WHEN:1924 (1920’s-1930’s) • Two years after Dada • WHERE: centered in Paris • But all over America and Europe • WHAT: direct response to Dada • Avant-garde movement that stopped anti-logic

  13. Midnight in Paris: Dali & Man Ray • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_q1V_xjHhLM

  14. Surrealism: What was going on during this time? • 1924: • The song “Happy Birthday to You” was published • Native Americans are proclaimed US citizens • US president Calvin Coolidge was re-elected • Macy’s had their first annual Thanksgiving Day Parade • First Winter Olympics held in France • 1925: • The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald came out in 1925

  15. Main Big Ideas • Art took two types of forms: • Joan Miro & Max Ernst: • “practiced improvised art, distancing from as much as possible from conscious control” • Salvador Dali & Rene Magritte: • “scrupulously realistic techniques to present hallucinatory scenes that defy common sense” • Closely related to Freudian psychoanalysis theory • The strange but familiar • Unpredicted juxtaposition • Moved away from the idea of “art for arts sake” • Dream like state • Main a “boys club” however, there were woman Surrealist like: • Kay Sage • Meret Oppenheim

  16. Burning question WHAT ARE SOME SIMILIARTIES BETWEEN DADA AND SURREALISM? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES?

  17. Freudian psychoanalysis theory • Sigmund Freud • Persons development is determined by early childhood events • Persons mannerisms, attitude, ext. are are caused by “irrational drives” • Which are unconscious • Bringing these drives into awareness in a defense mechanism • Most “irrational drives” are sexual thoughts being suppressed to the unconscious

  18. Main Surrealist Artists • Joan Miro • Max Ernst • Man Ray • Rene Magritte • Kay Sage

  19. Salvador dali • 1904-1989 (aged 84) • Spanish • His painterly techniques we related to the masters of the Renaissance • Dream like qualities • Realistic techniques that presented hallucinatory paintings that defy common sense

  20. Persistence of memory • 1931, oil on canvas • “the soft watches are an unconscious symbol of the relativity of space and time, a Surrealist meditation on the collapse of out notions of a fixed cosmic order” • Relates to the understanding of the world through Albert Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity

  21. Disney & Dali • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GFkN4deuZU

  22. Max ernst • 1981-1976 (aged 84) • German • Used Frottage • Frottage: technique that in one takes a pencil or other drawing tool and makes a “rubbing” over a textured surface • Example 

  23. Burning Question Can you see Freudian theory in Surrealism art?

  24. FridaKaHlo????????????? • 1907-1954 (aged 47) • Mexican • Art historians categorize her as a Surrealist artist, however, she did not view herself as one • She describes her art as, “a ribbon around a bomb”

  25. Burn question DO YOU CONSIDER KAHLO A SURREALIST ARTIST?

  26. Post Modern Artist: Mark Ryden • 1963, age 50, American • Got Famous in the 1990’s • Part of the Pop Surrealist movement • Dubbed the “god-father” • Wants to evoke mystery • Ryden website bio states he, “confronted the juxtaposition of the childhood innocence and mysterious recesses of the soul • New York Times says, “Ryden’s pictures hint at the psychic stuff that pullulates beneath the sentimental, nostalgic and naïve surface of modern kitsch” • Also, deals with appropriation like Duchamp • Drew Red Hot Chili Peppers album cover, One Hot Minute • Chooses subject matter with loaded cultural connotations

  27. MARK RYDEN

  28. Mark ryden

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