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NP PREMODIFICATION

NP PREMODIFICATION. TYPES OF PREMODIFYING ITEM. Noun - S g enitive Adverbial phrase Sentence Adjective Participle. Nouns (1). E.g. the flower market, a Paris café, apple blossom, farmyard animals Reduced explicitness relation with prepositional postmodifiers

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NP PREMODIFICATION

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  1. NP PREMODIFICATION

  2. TYPES OF PREMODIFYING ITEM • Noun • -Sgenitive • Adverbial phrase • Sentence • Adjective • Participle

  3. Nouns (1) E.g. the flower market, a Pariscafé, apple blossom, farmyard animals • Reduced explicitness relation with prepositional postmodifiers E.g. a rod of iron- an iron rod; a cloth for dishes- a dish cloth • plural nouns usually become singular: a sharpener for scissors- scissor sharpener Exceptions: e.g. The committee on promotions- The promotions committee

  4. Nouns (2) • The factor that best distinguishes noun premodifiers from noun compounds is that premodifiers can enter into relations of coordination and modification • E.g. Coordinated noun modifiers Modified noun heads • plane or coach trips modern sculpture techniques • silk and cotton shirt pure silk shirt • Compound nouns do not admit coordination or modification of their component elements: • *soft and hardware *extremely software • *silk and earth worms *pure silkworm

  5. -S genitive E.g. Professor Dumbello’s parties, a men’s club, children’s toys, boys’ names, someone else’s problems • Ambiguity E.g. the Russian girls’ school

  6. Adverbial phrases and sentences • Adverbial phrases: E.g. the thenPresident, the in thing, his out-in-the wilds cottage, an only child, an away match • Sentences: E.g. a take-it-or-leave-itattitude, a couldn’t-care-lessattitude, a do-it-yourself job, a who-dun-it story

  7. Adjectives • E.g. smart rooms, low groans, a tall building, goodweather, newrooms, digitalcamera, an interesting fellow • Adjectives can themselves be modified: E.g. That unbelievablytall building However: That building is so tall. * That so tall building Such a tall building or Sotall a building • Negation (not+ negative prefix and not+intensifier allowed) E.g. Her not improper behavior; Her not very proper behavior However: *Her not beautiful dress

  8. Participles • -Ing-participle: breathtaking speed, running water, a leading article, comingevents • -Ed participle: well-dressed art-lovers, the acknowledgedmaster, worn-outmachinery, fallenleaves N.B. To distinguish the -ing adjectives from participial modifiers: if the -ing form cannot be graded, or intensified by very, we shall consider it to be a participial modifier; if it can be graded, or intensified by very, we consider it an adjective

  9. Multiple premodification • Single head: e.g. apple and blackberrytart, The History and Geography Faculty • Multiple head: e.g. the absolutely magnificent boys and girls • With modified modifier: a totally crazy idea, stained blue plumbers’ overalls

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