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Understanding China's National Interests: Territorial Integrity and the One China Policy

This article delves into the intricate web of China's national interests, particularly focusing on territorial integrity and the "One China" policy. With a population of 1.3 billion and run by the Chinese Communist Party, China faces significant challenges, especially regarding Taiwan, Tibet, and Xinjiang. Historical context is explored, detailing the civil strife between the KMT and CCP, and the effects of WWII. The piece also examines US involvement and key events that shape Taiwan-China relations, providing insights into China's peaceful rise and aspirations for a harmonious society.

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Understanding China's National Interests: Territorial Integrity and the One China Policy

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Presentation Transcript

  1. 3 Important Factors • Dr Dennis Woodward says…

  2. China: A Big Country

  3. With Lots of People Population 1.3 billion

  4. Run by the Chinese Communist Party • Membership 78 million

  5. China’s National Interests • Economic Development • Secession and Territorial Integrity • Peaceful Rise • Creation of a Socialist Harmonious Society

  6. Territorial Integrity • Population 1.3 billion people in an area of 9,596,960 sq km. • Ethnic diversity – Han Chinese are the majority ethnic group. • 3 areas that are challenging the autonomy of Beijing; • Taiwan • Tibet • Uighur

  7. Uighur Tibet Taiwan

  8. ‘One China’ • Chinese territory can’t be divided into two Chinas or one China and one Taiwan. • ‘One country, two systems’ with Taiwan is possible.

  9. Power and Territorial Integrity • How does China use power to achieve territorial integrity?

  10. Terminology • ROC: Republic of China = Taiwan

  11. ‘One China’ • The policy advocated by the PRC that the government in Beijing is the sole legitimate government of China. • How does this relate to • Taiwan? • Tibet? • Xinjiang? • China is a concept… not a nation?

  12. History of Taiwan • Prior to WWII Chinese Nationalists (KMT) and Communists (CCP) were engaged in civil war. • Japanese invaded in 1937 and made significant territorial gains. • KMT and CCP stopped fighting each other and turned to fighting the Japanese. • WWII occurs: US supports China. • Civil War resumes after WWII

  13. History of Taiwan • CCP forces KMT to retreat to Formosa (Taiwan). • KMT (Chiang Kai-shek) establishes government in Formosa (Taiwan). • US shields Taiwan from Chinese aggression, because of Cold War politics. • China / US exist in stalemate; China doesn’t attack as long as US doesn’t recognise Taiwan.

  14. China’s National Interest • How does this relate to China’s National Interest?

  15. Article analysis • “From troublemaker to peacemaker” • What are the main points of this article? • Do a SWOT analysis for Taiwan’s position in the Asia-Pacific.

  16. US Involvement • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3d59UtxRdLE&feature=related

  17. Two agreements… • 1978 Normalisation Agreement • 1979 Taiwan Relations Act (TRA)

  18. Hot Flashes • These are good illustrations of the different methods of resolution that Beijing pursues alongside other long-term policies.

  19. Hot Flashes • 1995-1996 Taiwan-China missile crisis • 2000 Taiwanese presidential election • 2001 EP-3 crisis • 2001 APEC and WTO crisis • 2004 Taiwanese referenda and presidential elections • 2005 Events of 2005 • 2006 Taiwan scraps the National Unification Council • 2008 Events of 2008

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