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About Volcanoes

Join the Volcano Explorers Club as we dive into the incredible world of volcanoes! Learn what volcanoes are—openings in the Earth's crust where molten rock and gases escape. Explore the world's most significant eruptions, including the towering Mauna Loa, and the devastating Mount Tambora eruption in 1815 that claimed over 90,000 lives. Uncover the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI), a scale that measures eruption strength from 0 to 8. Find out how active, inactive, and extinct volcanoes shape our planet.

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About Volcanoes

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  1. About Volcanoes Explorers Club Ray Jackson

  2. Volcano Facts • An opening in the earth’s outer layer or crust from which melted rock, called lava, and gases erupt • Eruptions often form a cone or mountain • Thousands of active, inactive, and extinct volcanoes in the world • About 1,500 active volcanoes have erupted in the last 10,000 years

  3. Volcano Facts • The world’s tallest volcanic mountain is Mauna Loa, Hawaii

  4. Volcano Facts • The world’s largest eruption • Yellowstone • More than 2 million years ago • The most destructive modern eruption • In 1815 • Mount Tambora, Indonesia • More than 90,000 casualties

  5. Volcano Facts • Volcanic Explosivity Index • VEI measures magnitude of explosive volcanic eruptions • Scale of 0-8 with 8 being the most powerful and 0 being the least powerful • Considers volume of pyroclastic material, the amount of ash, height of eruption, and duration of explosion

  6. VEI Comparison

  7. Volcano Facts • Most powerful modern eruptions: • Mount Tambora, Indonesia in 1815 (VEI=7) • Santorini, Greece in 1628 (VEI=6) • Krakatau, Indonesia in 1883 (VEI=6) • Santa Maria, Guatemala in 1902 (VEI=6) • Mount St. Helens, U.S in 1980 (VEI=5) • Vesuvius, Italy in 79 (VEI=5) • Pinatubo, Philippines in 1991 (VEI=5)

  8. Sources • “Volcanoes of the World,” Smithsonian Institution, http://www.volcano.si.edu/gvp/world (accessed April 23, 2006). • “Volcanoes,” U.S. Geological Survey, June 24, 2003, http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/framework.html (accessed April 23, 2006).

  9. Sources • “Volcano World.” Oregon State.http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/ (23 April 23 20--). • “Photo Glossary of Volcano Terms.” U.S. Geological Survey, 30 September 1999. http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/(23 April 20--).

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