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The Performance of a Wireless Sensor Network for Structural Health Monitoring

The Performance of a Wireless Sensor Network for Structural Health Monitoring. Jeongyeup Paek, Nupur Kothari, Krishna Chintalapudi, Sumit Rangwala, Ramesh Govindan Embedded Networks Laboratory, USC. Overview of Wisden. Wisden.

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The Performance of a Wireless Sensor Network for Structural Health Monitoring

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  1. The Performance of a Wireless Sensor Network for Structural Health Monitoring Jeongyeup Paek, Nupur Kothari, Krishna Chintalapudi, Sumit Rangwala, Ramesh Govindan Embedded Networks Laboratory, USC

  2. Overview of Wisden

  3. Wisden • A wireless multi-hop sensor network based data acquisition system for structural health monitoring • Features • Time-synchronized data delivery from multiple sensor nodes • Reliable data delivery over multiple hops with tolerable latencies • Ease and flexibility of deployment

  4. Wisden (cont’) • Hardware • Mica-2 mote • Vibration card : 4-channel, 16-bit ADCs • Accelerometer : tri-axis (-2.5g ~ 2.5g) • Reliability • Application layer NACK mechanism • Hop-by-hop and end-to-end loss recovery over self-configured tree topology

  5. Wisden (cont’) • Data Compression • Lossy run-length encoding for silence suppression • Required to handle the large data volume • Data Synchronization • Calculate residence time of a packet within each node • Time-stamp data at the base station (possibly with GPS)

  6. Four Seasons Building

  7. Four Seasons Buildingand Eccentric mass shaker

  8. Wisden deployment • Setup • 10 motes in 90’ X 180’ area on the fourth floor of the building • Four nodes co-located with the wired instruments • Tri-axis, with 50Hz sampling rate for each channel • 0.5 packets/sec transmission rate

  9. Deployment experiences • High packet loss rate • Delivery rate as low as 37.6% for some links • Multi-hop network • Maximum of 4-hop paths • Frequent route changes • Increased delay for packet loss recovery • Ambient noise • Human movements, power generator • Interference with other wired/wireless devices

  10. Results

  11. Results (cont’)

  12. Problems • Lossy Run-length compression • Loss of high-frequency components of data • Time-synchronization • Adjusting time takes time • …with GPS at the base station • Software bug • Counter wrap-around problem

  13. Seismic Test Structure • Full-scale realistic model of hospital ceiling • Located in the civil engineering building at USC

  14. Results

  15. Results (cont’)

  16. Results (cont’)

  17. Conclusion • Our deployments indicate that Wisden can deliver time-synchronized data reliably across multiple hops with tolerable latencies. • However, a number of improvements can be made. • Lossless compression • Time synchronization

  18. Reference • A Wireless Sensor Network for Structural Monitoring, • Ning Xu, Sumit Rangwala, Krishna Chintalapudi, Deepak Ganesan, Alan Broad, Ramesh Govindan, Deborah Estrin, In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, November 2004 • The Performance of a Wireless Sensor Network for Structural Health Monitoring, • Jeongyeup Paek, Nupur Kothari, Krishna Chintalapudi, Sumit Rangwala, Ning Xu, John Caffrey, Ramesh Govindan, Sami Masri, and Daniel Whang, submitted 2nd European Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks (EWSN 2005)

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