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EXPLORING GERUNDS WITH D O R A

EXPLORING GERUNDS WITH D O R A. Energizer:. IDENTIFY THE POSITION OF THE FOLLOWING GERUNDS. 1. TRAVELING WITH FRIENDS IS A GREAT JOY. SUBJECT. T.V. 2. MEYER ENJOYS READING GOOD STORIES. DIRECT OBJECT. 3. Francis jeri-cho’s favorite pastime is eating. PREDICATE NOMINATIVE.

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EXPLORING GERUNDS WITH D O R A

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  1. EXPLORINGGERUNDS WITH DORA

  2. Energizer: • IDENTIFY THE POSITION OF THE FOLLOWING GERUNDS.

  3. 1. TRAVELING WITH FRIENDS IS A GREAT JOY. • SUBJECT

  4. T.V. 2.MEYER ENJOYS READING GOOD STORIES. • DIRECT OBJECT

  5. 3.Francis jeri-cho’s favorite pastime is eating. • PREDICATE NOMINATIVE

  6. 4. JOSHUA BEGAN BY SPEAKING TO THE LEADER OF THE GROUP. • OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION

  7. 5. MY ASSIGNED TASK, TEACHING STUDENTS, KEPT ME BUSY. • APPOSITIVE

  8. 6. LOVINGISGIVING. • PRED. NOM.

  9. 7.ON THEIR TRIP RUTHERFORD DISCOVERED SNORKELING. • DIRECT OBJECT T.V.

  10. 8.ANGELO ROGEL’S ALIBI GIVES TESTIFYING A NEW LIGHT. T.V. • INDIRECT OBJ. D.O.

  11. 9. AFTER THREE HOURS, SHEKAI-NAH WAS TIRED OF STUDYING. • OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION

  12. 10. DALTON HAS A NEW HOBBY, SOLVING. • APPOSITIVE

  13. LESSON PROPER:

  14. OVERVIEW function as a noun, adjective and adverb. VERBALS

  15. VERBALS a form of a verb ending in "-ing" used as a noun, e.g. "dancing" in “He teaches dancing.“

  16. The term verbalindicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being.

  17. However, since a gerund functions as a noun, it occu-pies some posi-tionsin a sentence that a noun ordinarily would,

  18. for example: subject, D.O., I.O., subject complement, and object of preposition.

  19. I AM WALKING HOME. • VERB

  20. ELLA,WALKINGHOME, SAW AN OWL. • PARTICIPLE

  21. (SUBJECT) • WALKING CAN BE FUN. • GERUND(SUBJ.)

  22. VERB, PARTICIPLE OR GERUND? • WORDS ENDING IN –ING THAT ACT AS A NOUN, DO NOT HAVE HELPING VERBS NOR ACT AS ADJECTIVE IS A GERUND.

  23. FORMING GERUNDS • There are a few spelling rules that you need to know in order to form gerunds correctly. The spelling of a gerund depends on the vowels(a, e, i, o, u) and consonants(b, c, d etc.) at the end of the verb:

  24. If there is more than one conso-nant, just add -ING: • think + ing =thinking

  25. If there is more than one vowel, just add -ING: • beat + ing = beating

  26. If there is one voweland one consonant,and the syllable is stressed, double the consonant and add -ING: • hit + t + ing = hitting

  27. If there are one or more consonantsand E, remove the E and add -ING: • take + ing = taking

  28. In most other cases, just add -ING: • study + ing = studying • see + ing = seeing

  29. USES OF GERUNDS

  30. 1. AS SUBJECT • Gerunds —referring to activities EX. Trading on eBay is another way of buying and selling things.

  31. 2. AS DIRECT OBJECT: • Gerunds - expressing attitudes about activities.

  32. DIRECT OBJECT • word affected by verb: the word or phrase in a sentence that indicates somebody or something directly affected by the action of the verb,e.g."cat" in “She fed the cat.“

  33. T.V. EX1. Janus enjoys playingsoccer. EX2. Are you afraid of losing? T.V.

  34. 3. AS OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION EX1. Aldrin worries about makingdeadlines.

  35. 2.He talks about leaving. 3.He accused us of complaining. 4.He keeps on making trouble.

  36. 4. AFTER INDIRECTOBJECTS • Gerunds - expressing gratitude, apology, disappointment and opinion about other people's activities.

  37. Indirect object • person or thing action is done to: the recipient of the action shown by a verb and its direct object, e.g. "the cat" in "She gave the cat a meal”.

  38. INDIRECT OBJECT ANSWERS: • TO/FOR WHOM? • FOR WHAT?

  39. (T.VERB) BOUGHT FOR WHOM? = PARENTS • JOSHUA BOUGHTHIS PARENTS A PRESENT. (D.O)

  40. After certain verbs indirect objects are expressed as: 1. I thankedhim forfixingmy door. 2. I appreciate hisfixing my door.

  41. 5. AS INDIRECTOBJECTS 1. MARISTELLAPERCIEVEREADING AS WASTE OF TIME. 2. JEWELGAVESOLVING A NEW PERSPECTIVE. 

  42. 6. AS SUBJECTCOMPLEMENT: 1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. 2. Ellaine’s ambition is becoming the first junior grandmaster.

  43. 3. ONE GREAT EXERCISE IS BIKING. 4. THE PURPOSE OF ORAL RECITATION IS DEVELOPING COMMUNI-CATION SKILLS AMONG JUNIOR STUDENTS.

  44. 7. As appositive 1. ARRIANNE HAS A NEW FOUND GLORY, SURFING. 2. DIANA RIZZ’S WISH, TRAVELLING ABROAD, WAS REALIZED AFTER GRADUATION.

  45. 3. ABIGAIL’S MAIN OBJECTIVE, HELPING HER FAILING CLASSMATE, IS A FORM OF CHARITY. 4. KARINAZAY’S DREAM, ENTERING U.P. , MATERIA-LIZED WHEN SHE PASSED THE UPCAT.

  46. A Gerund Phrase is a group of words consisting of a gerund and the modifier GERUND PHRASE

  47. and/or pronoun or noun phrase that function as the direct object, indirect object, or complementof the action or state expressed in the gerund.

  48. A. The gerund phrase functions as THE SUBJECT OF THE SENTENCE.

  49. Findinga needle in a haystack would be easier than finding the value of N.

  50. Finding - gerund • a needle - direct object of action expressed in gerund • in a haystack – prepo-sitional phrase as adverb

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