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Harashina , Sachihiko Tokyo Institute of Technology Past President , IAIA

TwoEA -M project seminar in Seoul Nov. 30-Dec.1, 2009. Environmental Assessment Related Higher Education in Japan: An overview. Harashina , Sachihiko Tokyo Institute of Technology Past President , IAIA. A Brief H istory of EA in Japan. 1972 Stockholm UN Conf. on Human Environment

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Harashina , Sachihiko Tokyo Institute of Technology Past President , IAIA

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  1. TwoEA-M project seminar in Seoul Nov. 30-Dec.1, 2009 Environmental Assessment Related Higher Education in Japan: An overview Harashina, Sachihiko Tokyo Institute of Technology Past President, IAIA

  2. A Brief History of EA in Japan 1972Stockholm UN Conf. on Human Environment 73 Preparation of EIA system on national level 76 First local EIA ordinance, Kawasaki City First trial of sending the EIA Bill (failed in 83) 84 EIA Guidelineby the Cabinet (Kakugi EIA) 93 Basic Environmental Law 97 Establishment of EIA Act 99 Fujimae tidal flat was protected by the EIA Implementation of EIA Act 2002 First local SEA guideline, Saitama Pref. 04 JICA introduced SEA in new EIA guideline 07 MOE introduced the Shared Guideline of SEA

  3. EIA Process under the Japan’s EIA Act Proponent Government Scoping Document D-EIS F-EIS Informing Meeting Public Comments Public Comments Open to Public Open to Public Open to Public Public The former guideline （Establised, 1997.6.13，Implemented, 1999.6.12）

  4. National Level EIA Systems: Japan and the US EIA Act NEPA Before EIA Act (1969) (since Jun 1999) (until Jun 1999) Proposal of Project Proposal of Project Proposal of Project, Program, Policy Screening Class 1 Project Class 2 Project Screening Screening by the List of Project EA Hyoka-sho (Scoping) Scoping Junbi-sho (DEIS) Junbi-sho (DEIS) DEIS Hyoka-sho (FEIS) Hyoka-sho (FEIS) FEIS Referral by CEQ Permit Permit Permit Process with Public participation/ Public Involvement

  5. Environmental Assessment in Japan • EIA National Level: EIA Act, 1997 Fully implemented since 1999 about 20 cases/year Local Government: Local Ordinances in all 47 Pref. about 50 cases/year • SEA National Level: Shared Guideline, 2007 Some advanced local governments e.g. Saitama Pref. 2002- In ODA activities: JICA, 2004- (revised GL, 2010?)

  6. EA Education in Japan • Universities Ordinal University Remote Education by the Open Univ. of Japan • Administrative bodies Min. of the Environment Min. of Land, Infrastructures & Transportation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) • Industries Japan Association for Environmental Assessment (JEAS)

  7. EA courses in Japanese Universities The number of the courses is big: 92 courses were found in Japanese Universities, by the survey of JEAS in 2009 Others which include EA as a part of the course are more than 500. The background is quite divers: Engineering based Natural science based

  8. Table Categorization of Faculties with EA related courses (JEAS, 2009) Japan Association of Environment Assessment (2009) JEAS news autumn, no.124

  9. Fig. Proportion of the Faculty type with EA related course (JEAS, 2009) Japan Association of Environment Assessment (2009) JEAS news autumn, no.124

  10. Very big number in Japan • How about the result • As application of EA in Japan is not much, • These are mostly for knowledge It is important for Stakeholders including general public and industries to understand what is EA • For knowledge TV Broadcasting is an efficient way

  11. The Open University of Japan (OUJ)放送大学 • Broadcasting through TV and Radio Supported by the national government provides credit for graduation basic function is an ordinal university • Media are broadcasting and schooling • By broadcasting: Another function is enlightenment of the general public

  12. Environmental Assessment by Sachihiko Harashina

  13. 放送大学　「環境アセスメント」“Environmental Assessment”courses at the Open University of Japan • TV Broadcasting(by S. Harashina and others) • Series 1: 1994-2000 　環境アセスメント Environmental Assessment(EIA) • Series 2: 2000-2005 　　改定版・環境アセスメント Rev. Environmental Assessment (EIAand SEA) • Series 3: 2005-2009 　　人間活動の環境影響 Human Impacts on the Environment (IA in general)

  14. Environmental Impact Assessment The major purpose of US NEPA (1969) ‘ . . . . will encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between man and his environment’ Support a wise decision-making Rational and Fair Judgment

  15. The Role of Environmental Impact Assessment For fairness, we need • Public Participation . • Information Disclosure Supporting Consensus Buildingfor Sustainable Development Rational and Fair Judgment

  16. The concept which should be conveyed to the society For Rationality: Scientific Analysis Engineering Skill Application of Systems Analysis For Fairness: Democratic Process Participation and Information Disclosure and For Efficiency: Innovate Efficient Way of Communication

  17. Three Disciplines of EA Education consensus building • Planning • & Policy dispute resolution environmentalethics facilitation SEA planning administration public participation EIA IT & ICT EA environmental management prediction/evaluation environmental law protection/mitigation measures environmental economics HEP GIS • Law& • Economics Engineering & Natural Science CG

  18. Environmental Assessment Related Higher Education in Japan What are the contentsmore in detail?

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