Invasive Species

Invasive Species – Coming to America

Exotic insects - a growing problem • >1,554 exotic insect species in U.S. • >4,500 exotic arthropod species in U.S. • Increase due to international trade and travel From R. Venette, USDA FS

Invasive species – not just insects • Plants • aquatic • terrestrial • Animals • insects • fish • amphibians • birds • mammals • Pathogens

Meaning of “Invasive” Polydrusus spp. • Species non-native to an environment may be called: • Alien • Exotic • Introduced • If they also cause harm to the economy, environment and / or human health they are called: • Invasive • Native species are not called invasive even if they do cause harm Steve Katovich USDA Forest Serivce Emerald ash borer Jeff Hahn, University of Minnesota Bronze birch borer Steve Katovich USDA Forest Serivce

Invasive Species of Concern for Minnesota • Plants • Cut-leaved teasel • Dalmation toadflax • Yellow star thistle • Grecian foxglove • Black swallow-wort • Japanese knotweed • Survey • Visual surveys

Invasive Species of Concern for Minnesota • Pathogens / nematodes • Potato cyst nematode • Soybean rust • Sudden oak death • Monitoring • Soil / plant tissue collection • Laboratory analysis

Invasive Species of Concern for Minnesota • Insects • Emerald ash borer • Gypsy moth • European woodwasp • Light brown apple moth • Asian longhorned beetle • Exotic bark & ambrosia beetles • Swede midge • Survey • Traps baited with pheromone or other attractant

What if I Find an Invasive Species of Concern? • Samples can be sent to: • Insects & Plants • "Arrest the Pest" Hotline651-201-6684 - Metro Area 1-888-545-6684 - Greater MinnesotaArrest.The.Pest@state.mn.us • Pathogens • U of M Plant Disease Clinic • Notify before sending

Invasive Species Action Spectrum

David R. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ Kenneth R. Law, USDA APHIS PPQ Pest Status = Absent European Woodwasp Asian longhorned beetle Emerald Ash Borer

Gyorgy Csoka, Hungary Forest Research Institute Kevin D. Arvin Pest Status = Present, not established Gypsy Moth Pine Shoot Beetle Japanese Beetle

Steve Katovich, USDA Forest Service Pest Status = Established White Pine Blister Rust Common Buckthorn Dutch Elm Disease Maja Jurc, University of Ljubljana

Prevention • Education • Inform public how invasive species are moved • Regulation • Legal actions such as inspection and quarantine

Early Detection • Surveys • Risk-based • Monitoring • Firewood & Nursery inspection • Citizen reports • First Detector Network • Arrest the Pest Hotline

Rapid Response • Emergency Quarantine • Stop artificial spread • Delimiting and Investigation • Determine the scale • Determine the source • Eradication or Suppression • Mitigate as able

Linda Haugen, USDA FS Scott Bauer USDA ARS Management • Silvicultural • Sanitation • Biological Control • Parasitoids, etc. • Chemical Control • Aerial sprays, etc • Others

Invasive Species – Coming to America