1 / 19

Cell Structure & Function

Cell Structure & Function. http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html. Cell Theory. All organisms are made up cells. The cell is the basic unit of all living things. All cells come from existing cells. Definition of a cell.

yardley
Télécharger la présentation

Cell Structure & Function

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cell Structure & Function http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html

  2. Cell Theory All organisms are made up cells. The cell is the basic unit of all living things. All cells come from existing cells.

  3. Definition of a cell A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions. Basic building blocks of life. Smallest unit of an organism Grow, reproduce, use energy, adapt, and respond to their environment.

  4. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell Nerve Cell

  5. Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic Cells • First cells to evolve • Single cell organisms • No NUCLEOUS • DNA ( heredity) information contained in the cytoplasm • DNA is a long circular molecule( twisted rubber band) • Have strong web like cell walls. • EX – Bacteria and Archaea Eukaryotic cells • Evolved from prokaryotic cells • Largest cells. 10 times larger than prokaryotic cells • Have a nucleus • DNA (heredity) info contained within the nucleus • Yeast and amoeba are single celled eukaryotes. • EX – Plants and animals

  6. Cell parts ORGANELLES Tiny membrane –bound structures that perform special functions inside the cell.

  7. Cell Wall-outer most structure Only found surrounding plant, fungal and bacterial cells. Made of cellulose Is rigid , strong and stiff Provides support and protection for the cell It is like a wall that surrounds a medieval city. Animal cells do not have a cell wall.

  8. Cell Membrane Surrounds all cells - In a plant cell , it lies beneath the cell wall - In animal cells it is the outer boundary (made of cholesterol) Made of proteins and lipids Protective barrier that encloses the cell. Functions: - Protection - Control of movement of materials( nutrients, wastes) in/out of cell - Support - Maintains conditions of the cell IT IS LIKE THE BORDER OF A CITY

  9. Cytoskeleton Web of proteins in cytoplasm of some cells Present in both plant and animal cells Many organelles are attached to the cytoskeleton Functions: - maintain cell shape - protect cell - Enables cellular motion - Plays an important part in intra-cellular transport - Important in cell division

  10. Nucleus Identified in 1833 by Robert Brown Found in both plant and animal cells Large oval shape Centrally located in cells Controls cell activities Contains DNA

  11. Cytoplasm Found in both plant and animal cells Clear thick jelly-like material Located beneath cell membrane Supports and protects cell organelles It is like the sidewalks that are found throughout the city!

  12. Ribosome's Found both in plants and animals Produces proteins Smallest organelles Not covered by a membrane unlike other organelles Brickyard of the city that supplies a city with what it is made of.

  13. Endoplasmic reticulum (er) Found in both and plant cells Network of tubes found in the cytoplasm Transports proteins throughout the cell Two types - Smooth ( no ribosome's) - Rough ( covered with ribosome's) Helps in the production of lipids

  14. Mitochondria Found in both plant and animal cells Looks like a jelly bean Breaks down sugar molecules to release usable energy Powerhouse or the main power source of the cell Have their own DNA Can divide within a cell Has inner foldings (cristae) that increase the internal surface area

  15. Vacuoles Found in both animal and plant cells - in plant cells : very large and few - in animal cells: Many little ones Fluid filled sacs Store food water and waste Help in digestion within the cell It is like a city’s warehouse , water tower and garbage dumps!

  16. Lysosomes Found in animal cells only Small and round in shape Breaks down larger food molecules into smaller ones Have digestive enzymes. Digests old cell parts It is like a city’s recycling center

  17. Chloroplasts' Found in plant cells, algae and some prokaryotic cells Oval shaped Green in color due to chlorophyll Uses energy from the sun to make food for plants PHOTOSYNTHESIS- Process by which cells use sunlight carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and oxygen. Sugar produced is used by mitochondria to make ATP It is like SOLAR PANELS on city buildings.

  18. Golgi complex Discovered in 1898 by Camillo Golgi Found in both plant and animal cells Looks like a flattened stack of membranes ( or pancakes!) Processes and packages molecules, like lipids and proteins , made by the cell out of the cells. It is like the city’s post office or UPS center!

More Related