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COSMOLOGY

COSMOLOGY. International Meeting of Fundamental Physics (“Winter” meeting) Santiago de Compostela, 2007. Eduard Mas só UAB/IFAE. Program. The standard cosmological model The observed universe Inflation. Neutrinos in cosmology. Emphasis on “Particles”. Science, vol. 315, 2007.

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COSMOLOGY

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  1. COSMOLOGY International Meeting of Fundamental Physics (“Winter” meeting) Santiago de Compostela, 2007 Eduard Massó UAB/IFAE

  2. Program The standard cosmological model The observed universe Inflation. Neutrinos in cosmology Emphasis on “Particles”

  3. Science, vol. 315, 2007

  4. lights-years ago Our universe is expanding co-moving distance scale today redshift

  5. Co-moving co-ordinates On top: peculiar (real) velocities

  6. Hubble’s law & Cosmological principle Cosmological principle Universe homogenous & isotropic on large scales Hubble parameter (today) Hubble’s discovery Hubble’s law:

  7. RG + CP Expansion (or contraction) is inevitable Robertson-Walker metric (homogeneity & isotropy) Parameters: Content (matter+radiation) Content too (cosm. const.) Parameters are related by eqs. Spatial geometry

  8. Friedmann eqs. Cosmological equations 1 2a 1+2a -> 2b

  9. Spatial geometry &Light propagation Open Closed FLAT 3D

  10. Spatial geometry &Light propagation

  11. Absolute luminosity E/time in rest frame Luminosity distance Measured flux (E/time/area) Luminosity distance

  12. Hubble’s law Exact: Small z Deceleration parameter That was kinematics

  13. Cosmological constant contribution Negative pressure + any other component

  14. Solution to cosmological eqs. Equation of state Assume i - dominance and RD universe MD universe. CCD universe

  15. Critical density Define Define also (Today) Not energy-density contribution

  16. Rewriting Friedmann eqs. Cosmic sum rule 2a today Notice signs

  17. EE EE R R Diff. eq. The future + Initial conditions taken today Eternal Expansion OR Recollapse ? 1 2 3

  18. Distance - Redshift Co-moving distance to source: Where: Can neglect Distance-redshift relation is function of

  19. Age of the universe look-back time lifetime Flat univ. Our univ. (Age crisis: Open universe gave too low lifetime)

  20. Which universe ?

  21. nucleosynthesis The past universe rad recombination mat cc equality today next

  22. Equilibrium thermodynamics The hot universe g= deg. of freedom number density energy density pressure distribution

  23. rates Decoupling of species Expansion: Interaction:

  24. Phase transitionsSymmetry restoring 2n order

  25. Phase transitions 1st order

  26. Conformal time

  27. It is the physical distance photons can travel until a time t Particle Horizon Defines causal distance at a given time t

  28. Program The standard cosmological model The observed universe Inflation. Neutrinos in cosmology

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